With many apparent advantages including high surface area, tunable pore sizes and topologies, and diverse periodic organic-inorganic ingredients, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been identified as versatile precursors or sacrificial templates for preparing functional materials as advanced electrodes or high-efficiency catalysts for electrochemical energy storage and conversion (EESC) In this Mini Review, we first briefly summarize the material design strategies to show the rich possibilities of the chemical compositions and physical structures of MOFs derivatives We next highlight the latest advances focusing on the composition/structure/performance relationship and discuss their practical applications in various EESC systems, such as supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, water electrolyzers, and carbon dioxide/nitrogen reduction reactions Finally, we provide some of our own insights into the major challenges and prospective solutions of MOF-derived functional materials for EESC, hoping to shed some light on the future development of this highly exciting field

Metal-Organic Frameworks Derived Functional Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion: A Mini Review

Structural engineering and surface modification of MOF-derived cobalt-based hybrid nanosheets for flexible solid-state supercapacitors

Two-dimensional crystals have emerged as a class of materials that may impact future electronic technologies. Experimentally identifying and characterizing new functional two-dimensional materials is challenging, but also potentially rewarding. Here, we fabricate field-effect transistors based on few-layer black phosphorus crystals with thickness down to a few nanometres. Reliable transistor performance is achieved at room temperature in samples thinner than 7.5 nm, with drain current modulation on the order of 10(5) and well-developed current saturation in the I-V characteristics. The charge-carrier mobility is found to be thickness-dependent, with the highest values up to ∼ 1,000 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) obtained for a thickness of ∼ 10 nm. Our results demonstrate the potential of black phosphorus thin crystals as a new two-dimensional material for applications in nanoelectronic devices.

http://absimage.aps.org/image/MAR14/MWS_MAR14-2013-005031.pdf

Black Phosphorus Field-effect Transistors

Transition-metal selenides have emerged as promising anode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). Nevertheless, they suffer from volume expansion, polyselenide dissolution, and sluggish kinetics, which lead to inadequate conversion reaction toward sodium and poor reversibility during the desodiation process. Therefore, the transition-metal selenides are far from long cycling stability, outstanding rate performance, and high initial Coulombic efficiency, which are the major challenges for practical application in SIBs. Here, an efficient anode material including an FeSe2 core and N-doped carbon shell with inner void space as well as high conductivity is developed for outstanding rate performance and long cycle life SIBs. In the ingeniously designed FeSe2@NC microrods, the N-doped carbon shell can facilitate mass transport/electron transfer, protect the FeSe2 core from the electrolyte, and accommodate volume variation of FeSe2 with the help of the inner void of the core. Thus, the FeSe2@NC microrods can maintain strong structural integrity upon long cycling and ensure a good reversible conversion reaction of FeSe2 during the discharge/charge process. As a result, the as-prepared FeSe2@NC microrods exhibit excellent sodium storage performance and ultrahigh stability, achieving an excellent rate capability (411 mAh g-1 at 10.0 A g-1) and a long-term cycle performance (401.3 mAh g-1 after 2000 cycles at 5.0 A g-1).

Liying Shen

Papers

FeP Quantum Dots Confined in Carbon-Nanotube-Grafted P-Doped Carbon Octahedra for High-Rate Sodium Storage and Full-Cell Applications

Electrospun free-standing FeP@NPC film for flexible sodium ion batteries with remarkable cycling stability

Recent Advances and Optimization Strategies on the Electrolytes for Hard Carbon and P-Based Sodium-Ion Batteries

A robust carbon coating of Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode material for high performance sodium-ion batteries

Coating ultra-thin TiN layer onto LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode material by atomic layer deposition for high-performance lithium-ion batteries