Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

The Theory of Island Biogeography

Much as Rachel Carson's \"Silent Spring\" was a call to action against the pesticides that were devastating bird populations, Charles S. Elton's classic \"The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants\" sounded an early warning about an environmental catastrophe that has become all too familiar today-the invasion of nonnative species. From kudzu to zebra mussels to Asian long-horned beetles, nonnative species are colonizing new habitats around the world at an alarming rate thanks to accidental and intentional human intervention. One of the leading causes of extinctions of native animals and plants, invasive species also wreak severe economic havoc, causing $79 billion worth of damage in the United States alone. Elton explains the devastating effects that invasive species can have on local ecosystems in clear, concise language and with numerous examples. The first book on invasion biology, and still the most cited, Elton's masterpiece provides an accessible, engaging introduction to one of the most important environmental crises of our time. Charles S. Elton was one of the founders of ecology, who also established and led Oxford University's Bureau of Animal Population. His work has influenced generations of ecologists and zoologists, and his publications remain central to the literature in modern biology. \"History has caught up with Charles Elton's foresight, and \"The Ecology of Invasions\" can now be seen as one of the central scientific books of our century.\"-David Quammen, from the Foreword to \"Killer Algae: The True Tale of a Biological Invasion\

The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants

In this correspondence, the problem of exponential stability for neural networks with time delay is investigated. By introducing a novel Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional with the idea of delay fractioning, a new criterion of exponential stability is derived and then formulated in terms of a linear matrix inequality. This new criterion proves to be much less conservative than the most recent result, and the conservatism can be notably reduced as the fractioning goes thinner. An example is provided to demonstrate the advantage of the proposed result.

New Delay-Dependent Exponential Stability for Neural Networks With Time Delay

Analysis of autonomous Lotka–Volterra competition systems with random perturbation

Bifurcation, invariant curve and hybrid control in a discrete-time predator–prey system

The paper studies the dynamical behaviors of a discrete predator–prey system with nonmonotonic functional response. The local stability of equilibria of the model is obtained. The model undergoes flip bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation by using the center manifold theorem and the bifurcation theory. Numerical simulations not only illustrate our results, but also exhibit the complex dynamical behaviors of the model, such as the period-doubling bifurcation in periods 2, 4 and 8, and quasi-periodic orbits and chaotic sets. The most interesting aspect is choosing the same parameters and the initial value of the model; then we vary the parameter K , and obtain series bifurcations, such as flip bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation.

Stability and bifurcation analysis of a discrete predator–prey model with nonmonotonic functional response

Stability and bifurcation analysis in a discrete SIR epidemic model

In this paper, we study cellular neural networks with almost periodic variable coefficients and time-varying delays. By using the existence theorem of almost periodic solution for general functional differential equations, introducing many real parameters and applying the Lyapunov functional method and the technique of Young inequality, we obtain some sufficient conditions to ensure the existence, uniqueness, and global exponential stability of almost periodic solution. The results obtained in this paper are new, useful, and extend and improve the existing ones in previous literature.

Existence and global exponential stability of almost periodic solution for cellular neural networks with variable coefficients and time-varying delays

In this paper, non-autonomous SIRS epidemic models with bilinear incidence and disease-induced mortality are studied. Under the quite weak assumptions, the sufficient and necessary conditions on the permanence and strong persistence of the disease and the sufficient condition on the extinction of the disease are established. Some new threshold values of the integral form R 0 ∗ , R 1 ∗ and R 2 ∗ are obtained. We prove that the disease is permanent if and only if R 0 ∗ > 0 , and if R 1 ∗ ≤ 0 or R 2 ∗ 0 , then the disease is extinct. As applications of the main results, we discuss the periodic and almost periodic models. The corresponding basic reproductive numbers R 0 are obtained. We show that if R 0 > 1 , then the disease is permanent and if R 0 ≤ 1 , then the disease is extinct.

Persistence and extinction of disease in non-autonomous SIRS epidemic models with disease-induced mortality

In this paper, a reaction–diffusion multi-group SIR epidemic model with nonlinear incidence in spatially heterogeneous and homogeneous environment is investigated. In general spatially heterogeneous environments, the well-posedness of solutions, including the nonnegativity and ultimate boundedness of solutions, firstly is established. The basic reproduction number R 0 is defined. The threshold criteria on the global dynamics of the model are established. That is, if R 0 1 , the disease-free steady state is globally asymptotically stable, while if R 0 > 1 , the model is uniformly persistent. Furthermore, for the homogeneous space and heterogeneous diffusion model, by using the Lyapunov functions method, the global asymptotic stability for the disease-free and endemic steady states is also established.

Long Zhang

Papers

Stability and bifurcation analysis of a discrete predator–prey model with nonmonotonic functional response

Stability and bifurcation analysis in a discrete SIR epidemic model

Existence and global exponential stability of almost periodic solution for cellular neural networks with variable coefficients and time-varying delays

Persistence and extinction of disease in non-autonomous SIRS epidemic models with disease-induced mortality

Global dynamics in a reaction–diffusion multi-group SIR epidemic model with nonlinear incidence