Showing papers by "Lúcia Santos published in 2021"

Bioactive compounds of garlic: A comprehensive review of encapsulation technologies, characterization of the encapsulated garlic compounds and their industrial applicability

Abstract: Background Garlic contains bioactive compounds such as organosulfur, phenols and saponins with biological activities, namely antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, renal protective, neuroprotective antibacterial, and antifungal. However, its organosulfur compounds are chemically unstable and susceptible to degradation, volatilization and oxidation when exposed to harsh environmental conditions, such as high temperature, oxygen and light. Scope and approach This review describes the main encapsulation methods used to protect bioactive compounds obtained from two derived garlic products (garlic essential oil (GEO) and garlic extract (GE)). The fundamental principles, advantages, disadvantages/limitations of encapsulation methods, namely molecular inclusion, spray drying, complex coacervation, and three types of lipid-based nanoencapsulation methods (nanoemulsions, nanoliposomes and nanophytosomes) are highlighted. Each of these techniques is discussed, since the choice of the most suitable encapsulation technique depends upon the processing conditions involved during the production of nano(micro)particles and its final applications. This review also covers the techniques used to characterize the physicochemical, structural and thermal properties of nano(micro)particles, such as zeta potential, rheological measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively). Key findings and conclusions The spray drying technique revealed the least suitable technique, since the high inlet air temperature involved in the drying process causes loss of garlic heat-sensitive compounds. The GEO and GE nano(micro)particles have high potential to be used as active ingredients in food products, and to act as antimicrobial and insecticide agents.

Deriving valorization of phenolic compounds from olive oil by-products for food applications through microencapsulation approaches: a comprehensive review.

Abstract: Nowadays, olive oil consumption is correlated to many health benefits, essentially due to the presence of antioxidants, especially phenolic compounds, which fostered its intensive production worldw...

Modified dispersive solid-phase extraction and cleanup followed by GC-MS/MS analysis to quantify ultraviolet filters and synthetic musk compounds in soil samples

Abstract: A simple method for the analysis of thirteen synthetic musk compounds and six ultraviolet filters in soil samples was developed using a modified dispersive solid-phase methodology known as "Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe", followed by gas chromatography - triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The methodology was validated assessing linearity ranges, detection limits, precision, and accuracy. The method detection limit ranged between 0.01 and 10.00 ng g-1 dry weight and accuracy from 81% to 122%. A good precision was achieved, with relative standard deviation less than 10%. The applicability of the methodology was tested using different types of soils. Both synthetic musks and ultraviolet filters were detected in all soil samples. The most frequently detected compounds were benzophenone, octocrylene, 2-ethylhexyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate and galaxolide. Higher levels were detected for benzophenone (maximum value of 158 ng g-1 dry weight) and octocrylene (137 ng g-1 dry weight). In comparison with conventional techniques, this method uses lower amounts of solvents and sorbents, producing less waste ("greener" technique) and comparable performances. In addition, it presents as main advantages the simplicity, speed (short extraction/cleaning time), low cost, and minimum handling of extracts, which can minimize the possibility of samples cross contamination. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.