Showing papers by "Luodan Yu published in 2018"

Gas-Generating Nanoplatforms: Material Chemistry, Multifunctionality, and Gas Therapy.

Abstract: The fast advances of theranostic nanomedicine enable the rational design and construction of diverse functional nanoplatforms for versatile biomedical applications, among which gas-generating nanoplatforms (GGNs) have emerged very recently as unique theranostic nanoplatforms for broad gas therapies. Here, the recent developments of the rational design and chemical construction of versatile GGNs for efficient gas therapies by either exogenous physical triggers or endogenous disease-environment responsiveness are reviewed. These gases involve some therapeutic gases that can directly change disease status, such as oxygen (O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2 ), hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), and other gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2 ), dl-menthol (DLM), and gaseous perfluorocarbon (PFC) for supplementary assistance of the theranostic process. Abundant nanocarriers have been adopted for gas delivery into lesions, including poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid), micelles, silica/mesoporous silica, organosilica, MnO2 , graphene, Bi2 Se3 , upconversion nanoparticles, CaCO3 , etc. Especially, these GGNs have been successfully developed for versatile biomedical applications, including diagnostic imaging and therapeutic use. The biosafety issue, challenges faced, and future developments on the rational construction of GGNs are also discussed for further promotion of their clinical translation to benefit patients.

Synergistic Sonodynamic/Chemotherapeutic Suppression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeted Biodegradable Mesoporous Nanosonosensitizers

Abstract: A novel multitherapeutic modality based on biodegradable hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles endowed with sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and tumor‐targeting capability is constructed, aiming to enhance the chemotherapeutic efficiency for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This multitherapeutic modality leads to significantly enhanced efficiency of chemotherapy for HCC mediated by ultrasound and causes considerable sonotoxicity, which has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo.

Magnesium‐Engineered Silica Framework for pH‐Accelerated Biodegradation and DNAzyme‐Triggered Chemotherapy

Abstract: Inorganic nanocarriers have shown their high performance in disease theranostics in preclinical animal models and further great prospects for clinical translation. However, their dissatisfactory biodegradability and pre-drug leakage with nonspecificity to lesion sites significantly hinders the possible clinical translation. To solve these two critical issues, a framework-engineering strategy is introduced to simultaneously achieve enhanced biodegradability and controllable drug releasing, based on the mostly explored mesoporous silica-based nanosystems. The framework of mesoporous silica is engineered by direct Mg doping via a generic dissolution and regrowth approach, and it can transform into the easy biodegradation of magnesium silicate nanocarriers with simultaneous on-demand drug release. Such magnesium silicate nanocarriers can respond to the mild acidic environment of tumor tissue, causing the fast breaking up and biodegradation of the silica framework. More interesting, the released Mg2+ can further activate Mg2+ -dependent DNAzyme on the surface of hollow mesoporous magnesium silicate nanoparticles (HMMSNs) to cleave the RNA-based gatekeeper, which further accelerates the release of loaded anticancer drugs. Therefore, enhanced anticancer efficiency of chemotherapeutic drugs assisted by the biodegradable intelligent HMMSNs is achieved. The high biocompatibility of nanocarriers and biodegradation products is demonstrated and can be easily excreted via feces and urine guaranteeing their further clinical translation.

Theranostic nanomedicine by surface nanopore engineering

Abstract: Theranostic nanomedicine that integrates diagnostic and therapeutic agents into one nanosystem has gained considerable momentum in the field of cancer treatment. Among diverse strategies for achieving theranostic capabilities, surface-nanopore engineering based on mesoporous silica coating has attracted great interest because of their negligible cytotoxicity and chemically active surface that can be easily modified to introduce various functional groups (e.g., −COOH, −NH2, −SH, etc.) via silanization, which can satisfy various requirements of conjugating biological molecules or functional nanoparticles. In addition, the nanopore-engineered biomaterials possess large surface area and high pore volume, ensuring desirable loading of therapeutic guest molecules. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the synthetic procedure/paradigm of nanopore engineering and further broad theranostic applications. Such nanopore-engineering strategy endows the biocompatible nanocomposites (e.g., Au, Ag, graphene, upconversion nanoparticles, Fe3O4, MXene, etc.) with versatile functional moieties, which enables the development of multifunctional nanoplatforms for multimodal diagnostic bio-imaging, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, targeted drug delivery, synergetic therapy and imaging-guided therapies. Therefore, mesoporous silica-based surface-nanopore engineering integrates intriguing unique features for broadening the biomedical applications of the single mono-functional nanosystem, facilitating the development and further clinical translation of theranostic nanomedicine.

Multifunctional Mesoporous Silica Nanoprobes: Material Chemistry–Based Fabrication and Bio‐Imaging Functionality

Abstract: Nanoparticles‐based bioimaging probes are attracting broad attention for various biomedical applications. As one of the mostly explored nanoplatforms, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) show high clinical‐translation potential for diagnostic probing/imaging. Based on their tunable morphology, abundant surface chemistry, and well‐defined mesostructure, MSNs are regarded as the desirable platforms for constructing diverse nanoprobes via incorporation of a variety of functional moieties or components. In this review, the authors summarize and discuss recent progress in the rational design and fabrication of multifunctional mesoporous silica‐based composite nanoprobes for versatile bioimaging applications. Four kinds of methodologies for the fabrication of these mesoporous silica‐based nanoprobes are discussed, including encapsulating functional nanoparticles within a mesoporous silica shell, assembling functional nanoparticles on the surface of MSNs, dispersing nanoparticles into the nanometer‐scale mesopores of MSNs, and doping functional moieties into the framework of MSNs. The applications of mesoporous silica nanoprobes in magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound imaging, computed tomography imaging, fluorescence imaging, positron emission computed tomography, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, and even multimodality imaging are discussed in detail. The biosafety of MSN‐based composite nanoplatforms as bioimaging nanoprobes is also highlighted, accompanied by a deep discussion on facing the challenges and future developments for guaranteeing their further potential clinical translation.