[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Intermolecular And Surface Forces

Inactivation credit of UV radiation for viruses, bacteria and protozoan (oo)cysts in water: a review.

Characterisation of aquatic humic and non-humic matter with size-exclusion chromatography--organic carbon detection--organic nitrogen detection (LC-OCD-OND).

/pdf/studies-in-surface-science-and-catalysis-2ogdlcr44y.pdf

Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis

Tap water discolouration incidents may occur due to resuspension of loose deposits (LD) that accumulate in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS), due to velocity increases or rapid changes. While lowering the consumers’ confidence in tap water’s safety, they are often a cause of customer complaints, especially when recurrent. Owing to the lack of knowledge on LD dynamics and build-up processes in DWDS, however, LD control and prevention strategies are still ineffective to counteract LD accumulation and prevent tap water discolouration incidents. In this paper, supported by relevant literature and results from a four year study on LD sampling and characterisation, a conceptual model for LD dynamics and build-up processes in DWDS is proposed. The model description together with the expected LD build-up rates were used to interpret discolouration phenomena. The model’s practical implications and recommendations were also discussed, including the potential strategies for LD control and prevention in DWDS. Overall, it was concluded that LD accumulation is most critical at mid-range velocities and that, under this range, it may occur exponentially in DWDS. The possible changes in the relative composition of LDs occurring over accumulation were studied and related with LD resuspension potentials, along with LD ageing and residence times.

Discolouration loose deposits: balancing views and practices

Waterspot is a plant-wide drinking water treatment simulator that has been developed in a 3 year research project. The incorporation of real-time and historical data of on-line water quality measurements, flow measurements, process data and water quality laboratory measurements in the simulator improves the acceptance of model output by technologists, ensures a more realistic training of operators and shows the potential of detecting deviations from the expected water quality and control of the plant. The optimal position of the simulator in the automation architecture was found to be on the process information management system (PIMS) network.

A drinking water treatment plant simulator using real-time plant data for enhanced operator training and model evaluation

INTRODUCTION The allocation of a leak or contamination in the di stribution network can take days, as can be concluded from the Rijsenhout case (the Netherlands ), where a farmer pumped collected rainwater in the distribution network via an illegal connecti on. Eights days after the first complaints were registered by the water supply company, the locatio n of the contamination was determined. Extensive research efforts are made worldwide to de velop sensors to measure deviancies of the water quality (Lambeck, 2006) and to monitor the hy draulics and water quality in distribution networks (Allen et al., 2011). Placing sensors and transporting the data is expensive, since the required number of sensors is large and maintenance d security require significant efforts. These high costs give reason to investigate optimal senso r placement in water distribution networks (Berry  et al., 2005; Krause et al., 2008; Shastri & Diwekar, 2006).

/pdf/the-human-sensor-real-time-allocation-of-leaks-and-1j8s33k1c2.pdf

Luuk C. Rietveld

Papers

Discolouration loose deposits: balancing views and practices

A drinking water treatment plant simulator using real-time plant data for enhanced operator training and model evaluation

The human sensor: real time allocation of leaks and contaminations using tweets and complaints data

Sequential Fe2+ oxidation to mitigate the inhibiting effect of phosphate and silicate on arsenic removal

Hydrant maintenance as example of targeted asset management