[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Metabolites are the end products of cellular regulatory processes, and their levels can be regarded as the ultimate response of biological systems to genetic or environmental changes. In parallel to the terms ‘transcriptome’ and ‘proteome’, the set of metabolites synthesized by a biological system constitute its ‘metabolome’. Yet, unlike other functional genomics approaches, the unbiased simultaneous identification and quantification of plant metabolomes has been largely neglected. Until recently, most analyses were restricted to profiling selected classes of compounds, or to fingerprinting metabolic changes without sufficient analytical resolution to determine metabolite levels and identities individually. As a prerequisite for metabolomic analysis, careful consideration of the methods employed for tissue extraction, sample preparation, data acquisition, and data mining must be taken. In this review, the differences among metabolite target analysis, metabolite profiling, and metabolic fingerprinting are clarified, and terms are defined. Current approaches are examined, and potential applications are summarized with a special emphasis on data mining and mathematical modelling of metabolism.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023%2FA%3A1013713905833.pdf

Metabolomics - the link between genotypes and phenotypes

Phenolics are broadly distributed in the plant kingdom and are the most abundant secondary metabolites of plants. Plant polyphenols have drawn increasing attention due to their potent antioxidant properties and their marked effects in the prevention of various oxidative stress associated diseases such as cancer. In the last few years, the identification and development of phenolic compounds or extracts from different plants has become a major area of health- and medical-related research. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview on phenolic extraction, purification, analysis and quantification as well as their antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the anticancer effects of phenolics in-vitro and in-vivo animal models are viewed, including recent human intervention studies. Finally, possible mechanisms of action involving antioxidant and pro-oxidant activity as well as interference with cellular functions are discussed.

/pdf/plant-phenolics-extraction-analysis-and-their-antioxidant-2ee2ft7zgl.pdf

Plant phenolics: extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties.

Applications of ultrasound in food technology: Processing, preservation and extraction

Chemical studies of anthocyanins: A review

Soxhlet extraction of solid materials: an outdated technique with a promising innovative future

Soxhlet extraction: Past and present panacea

The applications of ultrasound as auxiliary energy for accelerating leaching processes are reviewed to alert analysts to its advantages. The widely used batch systems are compared with dynamic systems, the use of which is still very rare. Comparison of ultrasound-assisted leaching with other sorts of leaching, such as Soxhlet, microwave-assisted and supercritical fluid extraction, shows the potential of ultrasound for leaching in a number of areas.

Ultrasound: a powerful tool for leaching

Though a considerable number of publications about biodiesel can be found in literature, several problems remain unsolved, encompassing economical, social, and technical issues. Thus, the biodiesel industry has come under attack by some environmental associations, and subsidies for biofuel production have been condemned by some governments. Yet, biodiesel may represent a truly competitive alternative to diesel fuel, for which fuel tax exemption and subsidies to energetic crops are needed. Biodiesel must increase its popularity among social movements and governments to constitute a valid alternative of energy source. In this sense, the use of nonedible oils to produce biodiesel is proposed in the present review. Moreover, the compromise of noninterference between land for energetic and food purposes must be addressed. Concerning technical issues, it is important to consider a transesterification optimization, which is missing or incomplete for too many vegetable oils already tested. In most cases, a common...

M. D. Luque de Castro

Papers

Soxhlet extraction of solid materials: an outdated technique with a promising innovative future

Soxhlet extraction: Past and present panacea

Ultrasound: a powerful tool for leaching

The Ideal Vegetable Oil-based Biodiesel Composition: A Review of Social, Economical and Technical Implications

Flow-injection analysis : principles and applications