M. K. Kundu

Bio: M. K. Kundu is an academic researcher from University of Calcutta. The author has contributed to research in topic(s): Glyceride & Polyunsaturated fatty acid. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 3 publication(s) receiving 59 citation(s).

A simple photometric method for microdetermination of fatty acids in lipids

Abstract: A single step photometric micromethod for determination of fatty acids in lipids in benzene solution, using rhodamine 6G reagent, has been developed. The method eliminates the disadvantage of formation of a biphasic system and is applicable in the presence of glycerides, sterols, epoxy compounds, hydrocarbons and long chain hydroxy compounds such as long chain fatty alcohols. The long chain fatty acids from C12 to C22, both saturated and unsaturated, can be determined with reasonable accuracy in the concentration range of 0.08–0.25 µmole/ml. The method is simple, rapid, and requires relatively inexpensive chemicals.

Studies on some chemical aspects of kusum oil

Abstract: Chemical methods, chromatography and infrared spectroscopy have been applied to ascertain the location and nature of the cyanogenic compounds in kusum oil. Observations indicate the cyanogenic compounds to be a part of glyceride molecules in which one of the hydroxyl groups of the latter is bonded to the cyanogenic compound through an ether linkage. Chromatographic behavior of the isolated cyanogenic compounds further indicates that at least two glyceride molecules are involved. These glycerides are predominantly esterified with saturated fatty acids.

A micro-titrimetric method for the determination of the oxirane functional group

Abstract: A micro-titrimetric method for the determination of the oxirane functional group by using quaternary ammonium halide and perchloric acid has been developed. The method can be used for the determination of compounds with about 2 µequivalents of oxirane content.

Fish muscle lipolysis—a review

Abstract: Lipolysis occurs extensively in fish muscle post-mortem and is associated with quality deterioration in the frozen tissue. Fish muscle lipolysis is presented in the context of basic fish muscle physiology and lipid composition. Phospholipase A and lipases from fish muscle have been described and characterized. The reaction is usually followed by measurement of free fatty acid production, and several colorimetric assays are available. Processing and storage treatments have been shown to influence the extent and rate of lipolysis in fish muscle; most of the research in this area has been directed at the effects of frozen storage. The interaction of lipolysis and lipid oxidation is a particularly intriguing area of study as triglyceride hydrolysis leads to increased oxidation while phospholipid hydrolysis produces the opposite effect.

Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on lipid profiles in tissue of the Fischer rat.

Abstract: Female Fischer 344 rats were given single oral doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 10, 50 or 100 microgram/kg, and sacrificed 1, 3, 10, 14 or 21 days later. The fatty livers caused by a sub-lethal dose of TCDD involved a temporary increase in triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, with a persistent decrease in levels of sterol esters. In contrast, the fatty livers resulting from a lethal dose of TCDD involved a large increase in cholesterol esters and free fatty acids, with little change in triglyceride levels. These changes appeared to result in part from damage sustained by lysosomes. TCDD also altered the lipoprotein composition of the serum, the fatty acid composition of various lipid classes in liver and serum, and the ultrastructure of the liver (formation of myeloid bodies). A rapid, dose-dependent effect of TCDD, was the elevation of levels of organic-soluble fluorescent pigment in the heart. This pigment was found to match a previously characterized fraction of lipofuscins in fluorescence spectrum and chromatographic properties. The relatioship of these observations to a possible mechanism of toxicity for TCDD involving radical-induced lipid peroxidation is discussed.

An ideal feedstock, kusum (Schleichera triguga) for preparation of biodiesel: Optimization of parameters

Abstract: Kusum (Schleichera triguga), a non-edible oil bearing plant has been used as an ideal feedstock for biodiesel development in the present study. Various physical and chemical parameters of the raw oil and the fatty acid methyl esters derived have been tested to confirm its suitability as a biodiesel fuel. The fatty acid component of the oil was tested by gas chromatography. The acid value of the oil was determined by titration and was found to 21.30 mg KOH/g which required two step transesterification. Acid value was brought down by esterification using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as a catalyst. Thereafter, alkaline transesterification was carried out using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalyst for conversion of kusum oil to its methyl esters. Various parameters such as molar ratio, amount of catalyst and reaction time were optimized and a high yield (95%) of biodiesel was achieved. The high conversion of the feedstock into esters was confirmed by analysis of the product on gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer (GC–MS). Viscosity and acid value of the product biodiesel were determined and found to be within the limits of ASTM D 6751 specifications. Elemental analysis of biodiesel showed presence of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and absence of nitrogen and sulfur after purification. Molar ratio of methanol to oil was optimized and found to be 10:1 for acid esterification, and 8:1 for alkaline transesterification. The amounts of H2SO4 and KOH, 1% (v/v) and 0.7% (w/w), respectively, were found to be optimum for the reactions. The time duration of 1 h for acid esterification followed by another 1 h for alkaline transesterification at 50 ± 0.5 °C was optimum for synthesis of biodiesel.

Rapid and sensitive assay for free fatty acids using rhodamine 6G.

Abstract: A rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric assay for free fatty acids using rhodamine 6G dye base in benzene as a fatty acid indicator is described. The procedure involves no phase separations or transfers, making it much more convenient and sensitive than previously published colorimetric methods of fatty acid determination. The assay was designed to follow hydrolysis of fatty acids from spinach chloroplast membrane galactolipids by bean leaf galactolipid lipase. Assay procedure consists of ( 1 ) hydrolysis of fatty acids from spinach galactolipids, ( 2 ) extraction of unesterified fatty acids into petroleum ether, and ( 3 ) determination of the fatty acid concentration in an aliquot of the petroleum ether phase by the rhodamine 6 G method. This assay is sensitive to 10 nmoles of fatty acid and has a linear standard curve up to 125 nmoles of fatty acid. The millimolar extinction coefficient for linolenate, under optimal conditions, is approximately 27 cm −1 . In addition to previously reported interferences by acetone, alcohols, and mineral acids, we found negligible to moderate interference by methyl stearate, phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, partially purified spinach galactolipids, and spinach subchloroplast particle pigments. These interferences could be corrected for by running appropriate blanks and zero times.

Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Cyanogenic Glycosides

Abstract: The cyanogenic glycosides, here defined as glycosidic derivatives of α-hydroxynitriles, represent a rather limited class of natural products, which are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and, to a small extent, even in animals. A characteristic feature of these glycosides is their ability to release hydrocyanic acid on treatment with dilute acids or appropriate enzymes. The term “cyanogenic” is used to designate this property, regardless of whether pure substances, plants, or animals, are serving as the source. In the latter cases the term “cyanophoric” is occasionally employed synonymously.