Modeling route choice behavior is problematic, but essential to appraise travelers' perceptions of route characteristics, to forecast travelers' behavior under hypothetical scenarios, to predict future traffic conditions on transportation networks and to understand travelers' reaction and adaptation to sources of information.

This paper reviews the state of the art in the analysis of route choice behavior within the discrete choice modeling framework. The review covers both choice set generation and choice process, since present research directions show growing interest in understanding the role of choice set size and composition on model estimation and flow prediction, while past research directions illustrate larger efforts toward the enhancement of stochastic route choice models rather than toward the development of realistic choice set generation methods.

This paper also envisions future research directions toward the improvement in amount and quality of collected data, the consideration of the latent nature of the set of alternatives, the definition of route relevance and choice set efficiency measures, the specification of models able to contextually account for taste heterogeneity and substitution patterns, and the adoption of random constraint approaches to represent jointly choice set formation and choice process.

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/66846/1/717193705.pdf

Route choice modeling: past, present and future research directions

Most recent route choice models, following either the random utility maximization or rule-based paradigm, require explicit enumeration of feasible routes. The quality of model estimation and prediction is sensitive to the appropriateness of the consideration set. However, few empirical studies of revealed route characteristics have been reported in the literature. This study evaluates the widely applied shortest path assumption by evaluating routes followed by residents of the Minneapolis—St. Paul metropolitan area. Accurate Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) data were employed to reveal routes people used over an eight to thirteen week period. Most people did not choose the shortest path. Using three weeks of that data, we find that current route choice set generation algorithms do not reveal the majority of paths that individuals took. Findings from this study may guide future efforts in building better route choice models.

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Do People Use the Shortest Path? An Empirical Test of Wardrop’s First Principle

Most recent route choice models, following either the random utility maximization or rule-based paradigm, require explicit enumeration of feasible routes. The quality of model estimation and prediction is sensitive to the appropriateness of the consideration set. However, few empirical studies of revealed route characteristics have been reported in the literature. This study evaluates widely applied shortest path assumption by evaluating morning commute routes followed by residents of the Minneapolis - St. Paul metropolitan area. Accurate global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information systems (GIS) data were employed to reveal routes people used over an eight to thirteen week period. Most people do not choose the shortest path. Using three weeks of that data, the authors find that current route choice set generation algorithms do not reveal the majority of paths that individuals took. Findings from this study may provide guidance for future efforts in building better route choice models.

Do People Use the Shortest Path? An Empirical Test of Wardrop's First Principle

Users’ willingness to ride an integrated public-transport service: A literature review

Perfect rationality (PR) has been widely used in modeling travel behavior. As opposed to PR, bounded rationality (BR) has recently regained researchers’ attention since it was first introduced into transportation science in the 1980s due to its power in more realistic travel behavior modeling and prediction. This paper provides a comprehensive survey on the models of BR route choice behavior, aiming to identify current research gaps and provide directions for future research. Despite a small but growing body of studies on employing bounded rationality principle, BR route choice behavior remains understudied due to the following reasons: (a) The existence of BR thresholds leads to mathematically intractable properties of equilibria; (b) BR parameters are usually latent and difficult to identify and estimate; and (c) BR is associated with human being’s cognitive process and is challenging to model. Accordingly, we will review how existing literature addresses the aforementioned challenges in substantive and procedural bounded rationality models. Substantive bounded rationality models focus on choice outcomes while procedural bounded rationality models focus on the empirical studies of choice processes. Bounded rationality models in each category can be further divided based on whether time dimension is included. Accordingly, static and dynamic traffic assignment are introduced in substantive bounded rationality while two-stage cognitive models and day-to-day learning models in procedural bounded rationality are discussed. The methodologies employed in substantive bounded rationality include game theory and interactive congestion game, while those in procedural bounded rationality mainly adopt random utility and non- or semi-compensatory models. A comparison of all existing methodologies are given and bounded rationality models’ scope and boundaries in terms of predictability, transferability, tractability, and scalability are discussed. Finally existing research gaps are presented and several promising future research directions are given.

Boundedly rational route choice behavior: A review of models and methodologies

This paper introduces a fuzzy preference based model of route choice. The core of the model is FiPV (Fuzzy individuelle Praferenzen von Verkehrsteilnehmern or fuzzy traveler preferences), that is a choice function based on fuzzy preference relations for travel decisions. The proposed model may be the first application of fuzzy individual choice in traffic assignment and probably also the first in this class to consider the spatial knowledge of individual travelers. It is argued that travelers do not or cannot always follow the maximization principle. Therefore we formulate a model that also takes into account the travelers with non-maximizing behavior. The model is based on fuzzy preference relations, of which elements are fuzzy pairwise comparisons between the available alternatives.

Fuzzy preference based traffic assignment problem

: With this optimization, the cargo will increase and the ship's revenue will also be more. The LCU ship that we know so far is a ship whose cargo is always above the main and the space under the main is unused Void Space. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimization value of the use of space under the main deck of the Landing Craft Utility (LCU) ships. method used in this study is a comparison with several previous ship approaches to produce evaluation results from the addition of loading space under the main deck and calculation of stability using computational software approximation. LCU design of under main deck space with a maximum vehicle value can accept a vertical moment of 2750 mm. With a structural strength of 13150 tons. A series of numerical experiments show that the proposed method can effectively produce a satisfactory LCU ship design optimization plan for ship owners.

Optimization of Space Under Main Deck on Landing Craft Utility (LCU) Ships to Increase Loading Capacity

The development of the industry is entering a new phase, namely the development of the halal industry, one of which is the halal clothing industry. According to the Global Islamic Economy Report 2017/2018, with the largest Muslim-majority population in the world, Indonesia is still inferior to neighboring countries such as Malaysia, which has started to develop the halal clothing industry. So an indicator of halal clothing is needed to compete with the country and stay on the halal path. This research uses data from a literature study which is then analyzed by analytical descriptive analysis. The results of this study found indicators that regulate halal clothing, namely: a) ensuring that the raw materials used are halal raw materials, b) the production process should not be mixed with haram goods, c) after the production process is complete if there is a product storage period must be stored in a separate place with goods that are haram or unclean, d) the distribution of production must be based on the principles of benefit and justice.

M. Ridwan

Papers

Fuzzy preference based traffic assignment problem

Optimization of Space Under Main Deck on Landing Craft Utility (LCU) Ships to Increase Loading Capacity

Halal and Haram in The Clothing Industry