Cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of CFRP reinforcement for concrete structures: Calculation basis and exemplary application

Reinforced Concrete (RC) and Prestressed Concrete (PC) structures using conventional materials in aggressive exposure conditions are susceptible to corrosion. Non-corrosive reinforcement materials ...

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Cost and environmental analyses of reinforcement alternatives for a concrete bridge

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A review of recent advances in the science and technology of seawater-mixed concrete

Sustainability assessment, potentials and challenges of 3D printed concrete structures: A systematic review for built environmental applications

To support and promote the deployment of innovative technologies in infrastructure, it is fundamental to quantify their implications in terms of both economic and environmental impacts. Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars and Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strands are validated corrosion-resistant solutions for Reinforced Concrete (RC) and Prestressed Concrete (PC) structures. Studies on the performance of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) reinforcement in seawater and salt-contaminated concrete have been conducted and show that the technology is a viable solution. Nevertheless, the economic and environmental implications of FRP-RC/PC deployment have not been fully investigated. This article deals with the Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) and Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) analyses of an FRP-RC/PC bridge in Florida. The bridge is designed to be entirely reinforced with FRP bars and strands and does not include any Carbon Steel (CS) reinforcement. Furthermore, the deployment of seawater concrete in some of the elements of the bridge is considered. LCC and LCA analyses are performed at the design stage. Data regarding equipment, labor rates, consumables, fuel consumption, and disposal were collected during the construction phase, and the analysis was refined accordingly. The FRP-RC/PC bridge design is compared with a traditional CS-RC/PC alternative. Salient differences are discussed to determine the least-impactful solution from both an economic and environmental perspective.

Life-Cycle Cost and Life-Cycle Assessment Analysis at the Design Stage of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Concrete Bridge in Florida

An American Concrete Institute (ACI) design guide for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)–reinforced concrete recommends that, in order to avoid creep-rupture failure, service-load sustained str...

Creep-Rupture Limit for GFRP Bars Subjected to Sustained Loads

Prediction of the creep rupture strength of GFRP bars

This paper deals with the design philosophy and the flexural performance under service loads of the precast, prestressed concrete girders constituting the deck of a recently constructed pedestrian bridge. This simple structure combines innovative materials and novel composite manufacturing technologies to ensure that degradation due to steel corrosion does not undermine the longevity of the bridge. The two girders, cast in the shape of double-tees with shortened flange overhangs, were prestressed with nine plus nine 0.6 in. (15 mm), seven-wire carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) tendons and reinforced with basalt-fiber-reinforced polymer. Despite the complexity inherent their tensioning, CFRP strand have already been used for other prestressed or posttensioned applications, but never before in large diameters for the fabrication of structural elements with thin cross sections. The selected percentage of the guaranteed capacity of the CFRP tendons applied at jacking was, for the first time, higher than the 65% limit imposed by ACI 440.4R-04 guidelines. A load test was performed at the precast yard with concentrated loads corresponding to service condition, with the tested girder remaining uncracked. The strains measured in the reinforcement and the detected deflections of the girder showed agreement with the analytical predictions. CFRP prestressing technology can be successfully used in thin-walled concrete sections, beyond the limits suggested by current guidelines and without significant technological drawbacks.

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Marco Rossini

Papers

Cost and environmental analyses of reinforcement alternatives for a concrete bridge

Life-Cycle Cost and Life-Cycle Assessment Analysis at the Design Stage of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Concrete Bridge in Florida

Creep-Rupture Limit for GFRP Bars Subjected to Sustained Loads

Prediction of the creep rupture strength of GFRP bars

Design analysis and experimental behavior of precast concrete double-tee girders prestressed with carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer strands