การวจยเชงคณภาพ เปนเครองมอสำคญอยางหนงสำหรบทำความเขาใจสงคมและพฤตกรรมมนษย การวจยแบบการสรางทฤษฎจากขอมล กเปนหนงในหลายระเบยบวธการวจยเชงคณภาพทกำลงไดรบความสนใจ และเปนทนยมเพมสงขนเรอยๆ จากนกวชาการ และนกวจยในสาขาสงคมศาสตร และศาสตรอนๆ เชน พฤตกรรมศาสตร สงคมวทยา สาธารณสขศาสตร พยาบาลศาสตร จตวทยาสงคม ศกษาศาสตร รฐศาสตร และสารสนเทศศกษา ดงนน หนงสอเรอง “ConstructingGrounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis” หรอ “การสรางทฤษฎจากขอมล:แนวทางการปฏบตผานการวเคราะหเชงคณภาพ” จะชวยใหผอานมความรความเขาใจถงพฒนาการของปฏบตการวจยแบบสรางทฤษฎจากขอมล ตลอดจนแนวทาง และกระบวนการปฏบตการวจยอยางเปนระบบ จงเปนหนงสอทควรคาแกการอานโดยเฉพาะนกวจยรนใหม เพอเปนแนวทางในการนำความรความเขาใจไประยกตในงานวจยของตน อกทงนกวจยผเชยวชาญสามารถอานเพอขยายมโนทศนดานวจยใหกวางขวางขน

Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis

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O desafio do conhecimento: pesquisa qualitativa em saúde

Analysis and Evaluation of Contemporary Nursing Knowledge: Nursing Models and Theories by Jacqueline Fawcett, PhD, RN, FAAN; Philadelphia: FA. Davis, 2000; 688 pages, $49.95 I have several responses to the argument that nursing models and theories are historical relics that have no place in our future because they have little, if any, relevance for contemporary nursing practice and research. My first response is sadness, that nurses continue to devalue the burgeoning knowledge of our own discipline at a time when our world needs it most. Another reaction is anger, that in applying the theories from other disciplines to our research and practice activities, we are expanding the knowledge base of those disciplines rather than our own. Finally, I am incredulous that the deepening and broadening base of nursing knowledge is not widely known and is not studied as the primary substance of nursing within our educational programs. But now, I have another response: it is to point with pride to Jacqueline Fawcett's comprehensive volume, Analysis and Evaluation of Contemporary Nursing Knowledge, as evidence that these conceptual models and theories are alive and well. Fawcett's latest book is a testimony to the maturity of our discipline that illuminates the growing body of scholarly work related to nursing models and theories. The author reminds us that we must continue this expansion: "This author is convinced that the discipline of nursing can survive and advance only if nurses celebrate their own heritage and acknowledge their own knowledge base by adopting explicit nursing discipline-specific C-T-E (conceptual-theoretical-empirical) systems to guide their activities." Fawcett has been a guardian of nursing's theoretical heritage. She has been a consistent and persistent voice to a professional discipline wandering in the wilderness, calling us to gather around the strength of our disciplinary knowledge as articulated within our conceptual models and theories. This text is a tribute to those who have developed conceptual models and theories, tested and developed them through research, and generated and evaluated nursing theory-guided practice models. Rather than create a fourth edition of Analysis and Evaluation of Conceptual Models of Nursing, first published in 1984, and a second edition of Analysis and Evaluation of Nursing Theories, first published in 1993, Fawcett has combined both volumes into this new book. I applaud this decision. This new text is a valuable resource for undergraduate students learning the breadth of nursing models and theories, master's students building depth in nursing theory-guided advanced practice, and doctoral students expanding nursing knowledge through theory-based research. In addition, it is a reference for nursing scholars working within any of the models and theories and a guide for nursing administrators and practitioners seeking to apply the models and theories to nursing practice as entrepreneurs or within health care systems. This book has four parts. In Part 1, an introduction to the structure and nature of contemporary nursing knowledge, the reader is introduced to theoretical language. Fawcett describes the relationship between her identified nursing metaparadigm, philosophy, conceptual models, grand theories, middle-range theories, and empirical indicators as the C-T-E system, referring to the necessary linkages among the philosophical, theoretical, and operational indicators related to both research and practice. She then focuses on the application of nursing models and theories to nursing practice. In Part 2, Fawcett describes her framework for analyzing and evaluating conceptual models, then applies this framework to seven conceptual models: Johnson's Behavioral System Model, Kings' General Systems Framework, Levine's Conservation Model, Neuman's Systems Model, Orem's Self-Care Framework, Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings, and Roy's Adaptation Model. …

Analysis and Evaluation of Contemporary Nursing Knowledge: Nursing Models and Theories

Home visits have become increasingly widespread in Brazil since the emergence of the Family Health Program. The present study deals with users' perceptions of these visits, focusing on comprehensiveness and humanization of care. The study was exploratory and qualitative. Twenty-one interviews were performed with users from the six administrative health districts of Fortaleza, capital of Ceara State, Brazil. Analysis of the interviews revealed the existence of three core themes: (1) health professional-user relationships, i.e. users' perceptions of completeness and humanization of care during visits; (2) characterization of visits, with emphasis on operational aspects; and (3) user-health facility interaction, focusing on integration with other service. This theme was divided into three items: health facility management, equity, and integration of care. In conclusion, the study suggests that home visiting practices can be improved by enhancing the aspects of intersubjectivity, dialogue, and negotiation between health professionals, users, and the community.

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Visita domiciliar no âmbito da Estratégia Saúde da Família: percepções de usuários no Município de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil

The variety of existing studies addressing the Family Health Strategy (ESF) and its role in the reorientation of the model of care in the country has motivated the systematization of the advances and limitations described in these studies. Thus, this study, from a review of the scientific production on this theme, analyzed if the ESF has been able to modify the model of care. Forty-one articles from the Scielo database published between 2002 and 2010 that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were analyzed. They were fully analyzed in terms of political-institutional, organizational or technical-care dimensions. The results show that despite the improvement in the work process in primary care, its replacement aspect was not seen in the majority of the studies. Universal expansion of access to the health services, extension of coverage and focus were predominant. The changes are observed when analyzed in light of the demand, with better attendance and connectivity. The most evident limits are in the lack of focus on health needs, as in the territorial issue, community participation and the social determinants addressed in an intersectoral way. Different degrees of the implementation of strategy were identified, though they have not yet resulted in system reorganization at local level.

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A produção científica brasileira sobre a Estratégia Saúde da Família e a mudança no modelo de atenção

Objetivo : Identificar os referenciais teoricos utilizados nos estudos primarios da enfermagem brasileira para o desenvolvimento de Teorias de Medio Alcance. Metodo : Revisao integrativa de literatura, com coleta de dados no Banco de Teses da Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento Pessoal de Nivel Superior e na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertacoes do Instituto Brasileiro de Informacao em Ciencia e Tecnologia, realizada entre os meses de setembro e novembro de 2018. Resultados : Apos selecao dos 6.498 estudos recrutados, quatro abordavam Teorias de Medio Alcance na Enfermagem. Dentre os referenciais teoricos, dois utilizaram a Teoria do Alcance de Metas de Imogene King e dois o Modelo da Adaptacao de Roy. Conclusao : Observou-se que os referencias utilizados para a construcao das Teorias de Medio Alcance nos estudos primarios da enfermagem brasileira foram o de Alcance de Metas de Imogene King e o Modelo de adaptacao de Roy.

Referenciais utilizados nas teorias de médio alcance: revisão integrativa

This theoretical study aimed to analyze the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the transpersonal caring concept through using the Concepts Analysis Model. For this purpose, books published based on Jean Watson's theory in Portuguese and English from 1979 to 2012 were listed. Fulfilled inclusion criteria, only six literary works remained. The time of care and intention to be in relationship were the most cited antecedents. The most present attributes were intersubjectivity and relationships among those ones involved in the process. With regard to consequences, the most present element was the fact that the transpersonal caring provides restoration/reconstitution (healing). The study allowed noting tiny changes in the concept definition over the years and publications of theory. Thus, analyzing the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of concept provided its better understanding and comprehension of its importance in the Human Caring Theory proposed by American theorist.

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Transpersonal caring in nursing: an analysis grounded in a conceptual model

Objective: To interpret the experience of the elderly with mental disorder in the use of psychotropic medicines. Method: Qualitative study in the interpretative modality, supported by the Grounded Theory. It was carried out from interviews with 16 elderly people with mental disorder and six relatives, totaling 22 participants. Results: In the experience of the use of psychotropic medicines, the elderly with mental disorders become aware of their condition, attribute meaning and establish strategies for the correct use. On the other hand, they express their dissatisfaction with being dependent on psychotropic medicines to live without symptoms, face their side effects and do not always use them correctly. Conclusion: The use of psychotropic medicines is a priority in the life of the elderly and, in view of the fragilities found, it is necessary a continuous monitoring of health professionals.

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Elderly people with mental disorders: experiencing the use of psychotropic medicines.

Objetivos: analisar a(s) concepcao(oes) de enfermeiras que atuam no cenario hospitalar sobre tecnologias do cuidar e educar. Metodo: pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva-exploratoria, fundamentada pelo referencial filosofico da praxis humana. Desenvolvida com 21 enfermeiras de um Hospital publico do Sul do Brasil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e observacao. Para analise, utilizou-se a tecnica de analise de conteudo tematica. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: tecnologias do cuidar: da utilizacao em si as maneiras de se utilizar e gerenciar; e tecnologias do educar: aproximacoes com a praxis do educar-cuidando e cuidar-educando. Conclusao: analisar e refletir sobre conceitos de tecnologias do cuidado e educacao demonstrou que os enfermeiros necessitam evoluir seus conhecimentos sobre essas definicoes, no intuito de aplica-las na/para tomada de decisoes, elevando assim, a qualidade dos resultados assistenciais.

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Conceptions on care and education technologies in the practices of the hospital nurse / Concepções sobre tecnologias do cuidar e educar na práxis do enfermeiro hospitalar

O ENFERMEIRO DOCENTE E O ENSINO DO CUIDADO DOMICILIAR NA GRADUAÇÃO (The nursing educator and the home care teaching in the graduation course) (El enfermero docente y la enseñanza del cuidado domiciliario en la graduación)

Maria Ribeiro Lacerda

Papers

Referenciais utilizados nas teorias de médio alcance: revisão integrativa

Transpersonal caring in nursing: an analysis grounded in a conceptual model

Elderly people with mental disorders: experiencing the use of psychotropic medicines.

Conceptions on care and education technologies in the practices of the hospital nurse / Concepções sobre tecnologias do cuidar e educar na práxis do enfermeiro hospitalar

O ENFERMEIRO DOCENTE E O ENSINO DO CUIDADO DOMICILIAR NA GRADUAÇÃO (The nursing educator and the home care teaching in the graduation course) (El enfermero docente y la enseñanza del cuidado domiciliario en la graduación)