The Future of the Capitalist State

PART ONE: MASS COMMUNICATION AND SOCIETY Public Communication and Public Interest Contested Territory Media Performance Traditions of Enquiry The `Public Interest' in Communication PART TWO: MEDIA PERFORMANCE NORMS Performance Norms in Media Policy Discourse The Newspaper Press Performance Norms in Media Policy Discourse Broadcasting A Framework of Principle for Media Assessment PART THREE: RESEARCH MODELS AND METHODS Media Organizational Performance Models and Research Options PART FOUR: MEDIA FREEDOM Concepts and Models of Media Freedom Media Freedom From Structure to Performance Media Freedom The Organizational Environment PART FIVE: DIVERSITY Varieties and Processes of Diversity Taking the Measure of Diversity Media Reflection Media Access and Audience Choice PART SIX: OBJECTIVITY Concepts of Objectivity A Framework for Objectivity Research Measuring Objectivity News as Information Measuring Objectivity The Evaluative Dimension of News PART SEVEN: MASS MEDIA, ORDER AND SOCIAL CONTROL Media and the Maintenance of Public Order Policing the Symbolic Environment Solidarity and Social Identity PART EIGHT: MEDIA AND CULTURE Questions of Culture and Mass Communication Cultural Identity and Autonomy Whose Media Culture? PART NINE: IN CONCLUSION Changing Media, Changing Mores Implications for Assessment

Media performance : mass communication and the public interest / Denis Mcquail

The age of access

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The Politics of Media Policy

Now in its second edition, A Textbook of Cultural Economics is an established resource for many courses, including economics of the arts, the cultural and media industries, and the digital creative economy Authored by Ruth Towse, a widely recognised expert in cultural economics, the book offers a comprehensive, up-to-date overview and analysis of the field in the digital era Written in an accessible style, and with suggestions for further reading, it covers a range of topics, from the more traditional arts to the creative industries (such as music, film, games, broadcasting, and publishing), as well as the economics of artists' labour, markets and copyright This second edition considers the creative economy up to the present, emphasising the role of digitisation across the creative industries It will appeal to students taking courses in the economics of art and culture, and can also be used in courses on arts management and cultural policy

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A Textbook of Cultural Economics

The future of radio is now much less obvious and clear than it appeared 10 years ago. Instead of a transition from analog to digital audio broadcasting (DAB), there is a selection of alternative technological options for digital audio delivery. This article studies how 43 people in key positions related to the radio industry in four European countries and Canada view the future of radio and which delivery technologies they consider will be most successful. In addition, it analyzes the motives and reasons why certain technologies are seen as more promising. Finally, it presents different future scenarios for radio media.

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The Future of Radio is Still Digital—But Which One? Expert Perspectives and Future Scenarios for Radio Media in 2015

In common with most media and consumer technologies, radio is migrating from analogue to digital operation. Europe was the first region of the world to develop a digital replacement for traditional analogue broadcast radio. The Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) project began in 1987 and the first domestic DAB broadcasts began in 1995. However, DAB has made less progress than originally anticipated: some countries are at a relatively advanced level of development while others have not begun significant DAB services. This paper examines the development of the DAB service in four European countries, illustrating the variability in modes of development. The different digital policies adopted by each country is a key factor in these developments and we show how the existing state of analogue radio and the limitations of the technical system have shaped these policies.

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DAB: the future of radio? The development of digital radio in four European countries:

Radio's transition to digital transmission is well underway worldwide, with both terrestrial and satellite-based systems in operation. However, although most of the world implemented the terrestrial broadcast system known as Eureka 147, U.S. broadcasters swam against the global tide. The National Association of Broadcasters advocated adoption of the In-Band On-Channel (IBOC) system, which the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ultimately approved as the U.S. standard, in the face of considerable engineering evidence that Eureka 147 was technologically superior. The NAB and FCC actions reflect the differing social, economic, and political currents in the U.S. context, and demonstrate that technological diffusion may depend largely on what causes the least disruption to existing industrial structures.

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Understanding IBOC: Digital Technology for Analog Economics

The impact of the Internet on business models in the media industries : a sector-by-sector analysis

Media policy schemes around the world are seemingly shifting character. As budgets for direct subsidies are under increasing pressure, the role of indirect tools, such as tax reductions, are growing in relative importance. This article explores the political justifications of value-added tax (VAT) as a media policy tool, and how longitudinal shifts indicate broader changes in the media systems. Based on a document analysis of newspaper VAT development in three countries with similar historical policy models—Finland, Sweden and Norway—the article identifies and describes the dynamics between four major policy positions; transparency, pluralism, harmonisation and financial austerity.

Marko Ala-Fossi

Papers

The Future of Radio is Still Digital—But Which One? Expert Perspectives and Future Scenarios for Radio Media in 2015

DAB: the future of radio? The development of digital radio in four European countries:

Understanding IBOC: Digital Technology for Analog Economics

The impact of the Internet on business models in the media industries : a sector-by-sector analysis

The Shifting Role of Value-Added Tax (VAT) as a Media Policy Tool: A Three-Country Comparison of Political Justifications