Environmental arsenic exposure and its contribution to human diseases, toxicity mechanism and management.

Dietary polyphenols including phenolic acids, flavonoids, catechins, tannins, lignans, stilbenes, and anthocyanidins are widely found in grains, cereals, pulses, vegetables, spices, fruits, chocolates, and beverages like fruit juices, tea, coffee and wine. In recent years, dietary polyphenols have gained significant interest among researchers due to their potential chemopreventive/protective functions in the maintenance of human health and diseases. It is believed that dietary polyphenols/flavonoids exert powerful antioxidant action for protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS)/cellular oxidative stress (OS) towards the prevention of OS-related pathological conditions or diseases. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence strongly suggest that long term consumption of diets rich in polyphenols offer protection against the development of various chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disorders and infectious illness. Increased intake of foods containing polyphenols (for example, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, cyanidin etc.) has been claimed to reduce the extent of a majority of chronic oxidative cellular damage, DNA damage, tissue inflammations, viral/bacterial infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. It has been suggested that the antioxidant activity of dietary polyphenols plays a pivotal role in the prevention of OS-induced human diseases. In this narrative review, the biological/pharmacological significance of dietary polyphenols in the prevention of and/or protection against OS-induced major human diseases such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, CVDs, diabetes mellitus, cancer, inflammatory disorders and infectious diseases have been delineated. This review specifically focuses a current understanding on the dietary sources of polyphenols and their protective effects including mechanisms of action against various major human diseases.

/pdf/dietary-polyphenols-and-their-role-in-oxidative-stress-11bu7bsl.pdf

Dietary Polyphenols and Their Role in Oxidative Stress-Induced Human Diseases: Insights Into Protective Effects, Antioxidant Potentials and Mechanism(s) of Action

Rational nanostructure manipulation has been used to prepare nanocomposites in which multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were embedded inside mesoporous layers of oxides (TiO(2), ZrO(2), or CeO(2)), which in turn contained dispersed metal nanoparticles (Pd or Pt). We show that the MWCNTs induce the crystallization of the oxide layer at room temperature and that the mesoporous oxide shell allows the particles to be accessible for catalytic reactions. In contrast to samples prepared in the absence of MWCNTs, both the activity and the stability of core-shell catalysts is largely enhanced, resulting in nanocomposites with remarkable performance for the water-gas-shift reaction, photocatalytic reforming of methanol, and Suzuki coupling. The modular approach shown here demonstrates that high-performance catalytic materials can be obtained through the precise organization of nanoscale building blocks.

Document Multiwalled carbon nanotubes drive the activity of Metal@Oxide core-shell catalysts in modular nanocomposites

A review on biomass and wind as renewable energy for sustainable environment

Recent advances on botanical biosynthesis of nanoparticles for catalytic, water treatment and agricultural applications: A review.

The number of studies about the use of efficient techniques to treat contaminated water bodies has increased in recent years. The use of bioremediation method for the reduction of contaminants from aqueous system is receiving a lot of attention. Thus, this study was designed to assess the Eichhornia crassipes biochar amended pollutants sorption competence of multi-metal tolerant Aspergillus flavus on South Pennar River. The physicochemical characteristics declared that the, half of the parameters (turbidity, TDS, BOD, COD, Ca, Mg, Fe, free NH3, Cl−, and F−) of South Pennar River were beyond the permissible limits. Furthermore, the lab-scale bioremediation investigation with different treatment groups (group I, II, and III) revealed that the group III (E. crassipes biochar and A. flavus mycelial biomass) showed considerable remediation efficiency on South Pennar River water in 10 days of treatment. The metals adsorbed on the surface of E. crassipes biochar and A. flavus mycelial biomass was also affirmed by SEM analysis. Hence such findings, E. crassipes biochar amended A. flavus mycelial biomass could be a sustainable method of remediating contaminated South Pennar River water. 

Eichhornia crassipes biochar aided pollutants sorption competence of multi-metal tolerant fungi species on south Pennar river.

Abstract This systematic review identified various bioactive compounds which have the potential to serve as novel drugs or leads against acute myeloid leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy that arises from the dysregulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. The risk factors associated with the onset of AML include long‐term exposure to radiation and chemicals such as benzene, smoking, genetic disorders, blood disorders, advancement in age, and others. Although novel strategies to manage AML, including a refinement of the conventional chemotherapy regimens, hypomethylating agents, and molecular targeted drugs, have been developed in recent years, resistance and relapse remain the main clinical problems. In this study, three databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, were systematically searched to identify various bioactive compounds with antileukemic properties. A total of 518 articles were identified, out of which 59 were viewed as eligible for the current report. From the data extracted, over 60 bioactive compounds were identified and divided into five major groups: flavonoids, alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, terpenes, and terpenoids, and other known and emerging bioactive compounds. The mechanism of actions of the analyzed individual bioactive molecules differs remarkably and includes disrupting chromatin structure, upregulating the synthesis of certain DNA repair proteins, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibiting/regulating Hsp90 activities, DNA methyltransferase 1, and histone deacetylase 1.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/fsn3.3420

Phytochemicals and bioactive compounds effective against acute myeloid leukemia: A systematic review

Influence of Brevibacillus borestelensis strains on phytoremediation potential and biomolecules contents of Jatropha curcas on diluted chromium sludge soil.

Phytochemicals, Antibacterial, and Larvicidal Activities Profile of Various Crude Extracts of Athyrium Parasnathense And Characterized Their Bioactive Groups

Plastic’s widespread use in everyday life has resulted in massive amounts of plastic waste, posing a significant environmental burden. Microplastics have been widely dispersed throughout various ecosystems, and their microplastics pollution is already prevalent in marine ecosystems, contributing to an increase in awareness over the last few decades. More than 50% of all plastic pollution is disposed in landfills, with incineration accounting for almost one-fifth of all waste management. Nearly one-tenth of plastic debris is reused, with the remainder, approximately one-fifth of all improperly handled plastic waste, ending up in land and marine environments. A number of studies are being conducted to determine the source of microplastics along with their negative impact on marine organisms and, ultimately, human health. Hence, we compiled and scientifically discussed in this review the source, accumulation, and detrimental effects of microplastics on the marine ecosystem. Furthermore, the progress in bioremediation options for microplastics remediation in marine aquatic ecosystems was thoroughly examined. It was discovered that growing scientific data reveals the existence of various forms of microplastics in food, and the aquatic ecosystem, as well as ultimately reaching humans. This review provides the collective information about the source and accumulation of microplastics as well as their impacts on aquatic organisms. Furthermore, in this review limitation in the microplastic detection and also research gaps in the remediation techniques were discussed. Furthermore, precise investigational research is required to support the negative effects of microplastics particles on human health. To address the microplastics pollution issues in marine environment, a few steps as well as attempts need to be taken. The knowledge gained from this review will serve as a foundation for future marine microplastics research and management techniques. 

Mathiyazhagan Narayanan

Papers

Eichhornia crassipes biochar aided pollutants sorption competence of multi-metal tolerant fungi species on south Pennar river.

Phytochemicals and bioactive compounds effective against acute myeloid leukemia: A systematic review

Influence of Brevibacillus borestelensis strains on phytoremediation potential and biomolecules contents of Jatropha curcas on diluted chromium sludge soil.

Phytochemicals, Antibacterial, and Larvicidal Activities Profile of Various Crude Extracts of Athyrium Parasnathense And Characterized Their Bioactive Groups

Origination, fate, accumulation, impact, of microplastics in a marine ecosystem and bio/technological approach for remediation: A review