Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria.

The OECD Principles of Corporate Governance

In this paper, the phonon Boltzmann equation model is established to study the phonon thermal conductivity of nanocomposites with nanowires embedded in a host semiconductor material. Special attention has been paid to cell--cell interaction using periodic boundary conditions. The simulation shows that the temperature profiles in nanocomposites are very different from those in conventional composites due to ballistic phonon transport at nanoscale. Such temperature profiles cannot be captured by existing models in literature. The general approach is applied to study silicon wire/germanium matrix nanocomposites. We predict the thermal conductivity dependence on the size of the nanowires and the volumetric fraction of the constituent materials. At constant volumetric fraction the smaller the wire diameter, the smaller is the thermal conductivity of periodic two-dimensional nanocomposites. For fixed silicon wire dimension, the lower the atomic percentage of germanium, the lower the thermal conductivity of the nanocomposites. Comparison is also made with the thermal conductivity of superlattices. The results of this study can be used to direct the development of high efficiency thermoelectric materials.

Thermal conductivity modeling of periodic two-dimensional nanocomposites

A study was conducted to investigate the trace metal pollution of water and sediments of downstream of Tsurumi River, Yokohama, Japan. Twenty samples of water and sediments were collected from the river starting from Tokyo bay side up to the junction point of the Yagami River. Results show that the mean concentrations of chromium, cupper and nickel in water greatly exceed (>100 times) the surface water standard. The concentration of molybdenum and lead was also higher than standard values while iron and manganese was lower than that of surface water standard. The mean concentration of zinc, cupper, cadmium, lead, chromium, vanadium, bromine and iodine was 381.1, 133.0, 1.0, 40.8, 102.9, 162.0, 71.5 and 10.6 µg/g sediments, respectively and was greatly exceed the average worldwide shale concentrations and average Japanese river sediment values. However, mean concentration of arsenic, nickel and strontium was 11.0, 36.6 and 164.6 µg/g sediments, respectively which was lower than the average shale value. Other analyzed trace metals, including barium, zirconium, rubidium, yttrium, tin, antimony, cesium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium were detected in river sediments; the concentration of which was close to the Japan's river sediment average values. Pollution load index values of the sites of the studied area ranged from 1.24 to 7.65 which testify that the river sediments are polluted. The PLI value of the area was, however, high (6.53) as the concentration of trace metals like zinc, cupper, cadmium, lead and chromium were very high and were the major pollutants.

/pdf/geochemical-distribution-of-trace-metal-pollutants-in-water-3i4s31l5d7.pdf

Geochemical distribution of trace metal pollutants in water and sediments of downstream of an urban river

The polymer matrix composites have been widely used for many applications. These are light in weight and easy for manufacturing. The hybrid fiber reinforced composites have been prepared to enhance the mechanical, thermal, damping properties compared to single-fiber reinforced composites. The fiber reinforced hybrid composites consist of two or more fiber in a matrix system. The different fibers were reinforced with suitable matrix for preparing the hybrid composites using various manufacturing methodology. The hybrid composites are used for many application and replacing wood, wood fiber composites and conventional materials. The mechanical properties (tensile, flexural and impact), dynamic, tribological and water absorption properties of natural fiber reinforced hybrid polymer composites and natural/synthetic fiber reinforced hybrid polymer composites were reported.

Hybrid fiber reinforced polymer composites – a review

Applicability of the finite element method (FEM) in predicting the effective transverse thermal conductivity of fiber reinforced composites is systematically studied. Four different boundary condition combinations representing the periodicity of the temperature field are employed for ideal composites having perfect bond between fiber and matrix. Both circular and square cross-section fibers are studied. Comparisons of present FEM results with available analytical and experimental results reveal that periodicity realized by prescribed temperatures yields most accurate results up to high fiber volume fractions. In composites with interfacial thermal barrier resistance the effective conductivity varies in a wide range depending on the interfacial conductance between fiber and matrix. Best fit with available experimental results is obtained for both circular and square fibers when the dimensionless interfacial conductance is about 30. By employing the modeling practice found successful in the cases for which ...

Thermal Conductivity of Fiber Reinforced Composites by the FEM

A package structure includes a planar core structure, an antenna structure disposed on one side of the planar core structure, and an interface structure disposed on an opposite side of the planar core structure. The antenna structure and interface structure are each formed of a plurality of laminated layers, each laminated layer having a patterned conductive layer formed on an insulating layer. The antenna structure includes a planar antenna formed on one or more patterned conductive layers of the laminated layers. The interface structure includes a power plane, a ground plane, signal lines, and contact pads formed on one or more patterned conductive layers of the laminated layers of the interface structure. The package structure further includes an antenna feed line structure formed in, and routed through, the interface structure and the planar core structure, and connected to the planar antenna.

Millimeter-wave radio frequency integrated circuit packages with integrated antennas

Genotype x environment interaction and stability performance were investigated on grain yield with 12 rice genotypes in five environments. The ANOVA for grain yield revealed highly significant (P<0.01) for genotypes, environments and their interactions. The significant interaction indicated that the genotypes respond differently across the different environments. The mean grain yield value of genotypes averaged over environments indicated that BRRI 10A/ BRRI 10R (G3) had the highest (5.99 tha-1) and BRRI dhan39 (G12) the lowest yield (3.19 tha-1), respectively. In AMMI analysis, AMMI 1 biplot showed the hybrids BRRI 1A/ BRRI 827R (G1), IR58025A/ BRRI 10R(G2), BRRI 10A/BRRI 10R(G3) and BRRI hybrid dhan1(G4) have higher average mean yields with high main (additive) effects with positive IPCA1 score, but the hybrid BRRI 10A/BRRI 10R(G3) being the overall best. Hence, the genotype G3 would be considered more adapted to a wide range of environments than the rest of genotypes. Environments, such as Gazipur (E1) and Jessore (E5) could be regarded as a more stable site for high yielding hybrid rice improvement than other location for grain yield due to IPCA score near zero which had no interaction effect. In AMMI 2 biplot, Comilla (E2) and Rangpur (E4) are the most discriminating environments, while BRRI 1A/ BRRI 827R (G1) and Heera 99-5 (G9) are the most responsive genotypes.

Md. Rashidul Islam

Papers

Thermal Conductivity of Fiber Reinforced Composites by the FEM

Millimeter-wave radio frequency integrated circuit packages with integrated antennas

AMMI Biplot Analysis for Stability of Grain Yield in Hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Mineralogical changes during intense chemical weathering of sedimentary rocks in Bangladesh

Energy requirement in parboiling and its relationship to some important quality indicators