Data Mining Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques

We will review some of the major results in random graphs and some of the more challenging open problems. We will cover algorithmic and structural questions. We will touch on newer models, including those related to the WWW.

Random graphs

Twitter, a microblogging service less than three years old, commands more than 41 million users as of July 2009 and is growing fast. Twitter users tweet about any topic within the 140-character limit and follow others to receive their tweets. The goal of this paper is to study the topological characteristics of Twitter and its power as a new medium of information sharing.We have crawled the entire Twitter site and obtained 41.7 million user profiles, 1.47 billion social relations, 4,262 trending topics, and 106 million tweets. In its follower-following topology analysis we have found a non-power-law follower distribution, a short effective diameter, and low reciprocity, which all mark a deviation from known characteristics of human social networks [28]. In order to identify influentials on Twitter, we have ranked users by the number of followers and by PageRank and found two rankings to be similar. Ranking by retweets differs from the previous two rankings, indicating a gap in influence inferred from the number of followers and that from the popularity of one's tweets. We have analyzed the tweets of top trending topics and reported on their temporal behavior and user participation. We have classified the trending topics based on the active period and the tweets and show that the majority (over 85%) of topics are headline news or persistent news in nature. A closer look at retweets reveals that any retweeted tweet is to reach an average of 1,000 users no matter what the number of followers is of the original tweet. Once retweeted, a tweet gets retweeted almost instantly on next hops, signifying fast diffusion of information after the 1st retweet.To the best of our knowledge this work is the first quantitative study on the entire Twittersphere and information diffusion on it.

https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7104&context=sis_research

What is Twitter, a social network or a news media?

The term “Linked Data” refers to a set of best practices for publishing and connecting structured data on the Web. These best practices have been adopted by an increasing number of data providers over the last three years, leading to the creation of a global data space containing billions of assertions— the Web of Data. In this article, the authors present the concept and technical principles of Linked Data, and situate these within the broader context of related technological developments. They describe progress to date in publishing Linked Data on the Web, review applications that have been developed to exploit the Web of Data, and map out a research agenda for the Linked Data community as it moves forward.

/pdf/linked-data-the-story-so-far-2a9zvmaysa.pdf

Linked Data - the story so far

Obesity now affects one in five children in the United States. Discrimination against overweight children begins early in childhood and becomes progressively institutionalized. Because obese children tend to be taller than their nonoverweight peers, they are apt to be viewed as more mature. The inappropriate expectations that result may have an adverse effect on their socialization. Many of the cardiovascular consequences that characterize adult-onset obesity are preceded by abnormalities that begin in childhood. Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and abnormal glucose tolerance occur with increased frequency in obese children and adolescents. The relationship of cardiovascular risk factors to visceral fat independent of total body fat remains unclear. Sleep apnea, pseudotumor cerebri, and Blount's disease represent major sources of morbidity for which rapid and sustained weight reduction is essential. Although several periods of increased risk appear in childhood, it is not clear whether obesity with onset early in childhood carries a greater risk of adult morbidity and mortality. Obesity is now the most prevalent nutritional disease of children and adolescents in the United States. Although obesity-associated morbidities occur more frequently in adults, significant consequences of obesity as well as the antecedents of adult disease occur in obese children and adolescents. In this review, I consider the adverse effects of obesity in children and adolescents and attempt to outline areas for future research. I refer to obesity as a body mass index greater than the 95th percentile for children of the same age and gender.

Health Consequences of Obesity in Youth: Childhood Predictors of Adult Disease

Some digital libraries support annotations, but sharing these annotations with other systems or across the web is difficult because of the need of special applications to read and decode these annotations. Due to the frequent change of web resources, the annotation's meaning can change if the underlying resources change. This project concentrates on minting a new URI for every annotation and creating a persistent and independent archived version of all resources. Users should be able to select a segment of an image or a video to be part of the annotation. The media fragment URIs described in the Open Annotation Collaboration data model can be used, but in practice they have limits, and they face the lack of support by the browsers. So in this project the segments of images, and videos can be used in the annotations without using media fragment URIs.

/pdf/persistent-annotations-deserve-new-uris-1x5dafkac7.pdf

Persistent annotations deserve new URIs

Caching HTTP 404 Responses Eliminates Unnecessary Archival Replay Requests

This poster reports on course materials that have been developed for teaching an Introduction to Web Science course to computing majors at the undergraduate level. This is the first comprehensive collection of resources that we are aware of that targets undergraduates in the exciting new field of Web Science. The course materials include slides, reading assignments, homework assignments, programming projects, and exams. We hope these materials will make adopting a Web Science course easier for a computing department or for creating an interdisciplinary course which could expose computing to a more diverse and broader group of students. Course materials may be obtained from the authors and from the following URLs: http://www.harding.edu/fmccown/classes/comp475-s13/ http://www.cs.odu.edu/~mln/teaching/cs595-f13/ This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (IIS 1008492).

Resources for teaching web science to computer science undergraduates (abstract only)

Web archiving is serving the task of knowledge preservation for the ever changing state of the web. The Memento protocol provides a unified approach to access versions of web resources across heterogeneous archives and repositories. The discovery of archived content relies on data providers’ correct implementation of the Memento protocol, which extends the HTTP protocol with content negotiation over the dimension of time. Implementation inconsistencies can impede the overall time-based content negotiation process and render the resources not usable. We introduce a novel tool set, an API, and a web interface that allow data providers to test their Memento protocol compliance and improve the time-travel experience for users. We offer all our tools as open source to help adoption by the web archiving community. CCS CONCEPTS • Information systems → Digital libraries and archives; • Networks → Protocol testing and verification; • Software and its engineering → Software testing and debugging.

/pdf/memento-validator-a-toolset-for-memento-compliance-testing-3eijnq5m.pdf

Michael L. Nelson

Papers

Persistent annotations deserve new URIs

Caching HTTP 404 Responses Eliminates Unnecessary Archival Replay Requests

Resources for teaching web science to computer science undergraduates (abstract only)

Memento Validator: A toolset for Memento compliance testing

Diet, infection, andacuteappendicitis inBritain and Ireland