Studying influences on media content beyond processes and effects analyzing media content patterns of media content influences on content from individual media workers influence of media routines organizational influences on content influences on content from outside of media organizations the influence of ideology linking influences on content to the effects of content building a theory of news content.

Mediating the Message: Theories of Influences on Mass Media Content

This article explores perceptions of news credibility for television, newspapers, and online news. A survey was administered to a randomly selected sample of residents in Austin, Texas, to assess people's attitudes toward these 3 media channels. Contingent factors that might influence news credibility perceptions, such as media use and interpersonal discussion of news, were incorporated into the analysis. Findings suggest that people are generally skeptical of news emanating from all 3 media channels but do rate newspapers with the highest credibility, followed by online news and television news, respectively. Furthermore, opinions about news credibility seem to be correlated across media outlets. The data also show a moderate negative linkage between interpersonal discussion of news and perceptions of media credibility for television news but not for newspapers. When controlling for basic demographics, a positive correlation was found between interpersonal communication and online news credibility. Final...

Public Trust or Mistrust? Perceptions of Media Credibility in the Information Age

Technological capabilities and features of the Internet and World Wide Web have prompted concerns about the verity of online information, the credibility of new media, and the new responsibilities placed on media consumers. Reflecting these concerns, scholars have shown a renewed interest in the credibility of sources, their messages, and the media that carry them. Nonetheless, researchers who are currently reengaging the issue of information credibility have yet to take full advantage of the rich heritage left by credibility research conducted over the last half century. The primary aim of this chapter is to show how past research can inform present attempts to understand credibility in the new media environment, focusing particularly on Web-based information. Toward that end, this chapter reviews, synthesizes, and integrates the substantial literature on source, message, and media credibility; addresses issues of credibility conceptualization, operationalization, and measurement; suggests strategies to ...

Credibility for the 21st Century: Integrating Perspectives on Source, Message, and Media Credibility in the Contemporary Media Environment

This study attempts a new conceptualization of communication “sources” by proposing a typology of sources that would apply not only to traditional media but also to new online media. Ontological rationale for the distinctions in the typology is supplemented by psychological evidence via an experiment that investigated the effects of different types of source attributions upon receivers’ perception of online news content. Participants (N = 48) in a 4-condition, between-participants experiment read 6 identical news stories each through an online service. Participants were told that the stories were selected by 1 of 4 sources: news editors, the computer terminal on which they were accessing the stories, other audience members (or users) of the online news service, or (using a pseudo-selection task) the individual user (self). After reading each online news story, all participants filled out a paperand-pencil questionnaire indicating their perceptions of the story they had just read. In confirmation of the distinctions made in the typology, attribution of identical content to 4 different types of online sources was associated with significant variation in news story perception. Theoretical implications of the results as well as the typology are discussed.

https://terpconnect.umd.edu/~nan/738readings/Sundar%20Nass%202010%20sources%20of%20online%20news.pdf

Conceptualizing Sources in Online News

This experimental investigation of media credibility examined the combined, or synergistic, effects of on-air and online network news exposure, placing student and adult news consumers in broadcast news, online news, and telewebbing conditions. Results indicate that perceptions of network news credibility are affected by channel used. Perceptions of credibility were enhanced when the channel used was consistent with the news source being evaluated, suggesting a channel congruence effect. In addition, evidence is offered for the existence of a synergy effect between on-air and online news.

Media Credibility Reconsidered: Synergy Effects between On-Air and Online News:

This article uses industrial organization theory to critically evaluate the media economics literature, particularly as provided in media-related journals, and makes practical suggestions as to how researchers interested in media economics can apply industrial organization theory to research questions they are attempting to answer. A review of basic industrial organization theory is provided, along with a discussion of more recent developments involving industrial organization theory. This is followed by a review of the media economics literature and suggestions for increasing the use of industrial organization theory in future research.

Industrial Organization Theory and Media Industry Analysis

marked to desired size and sent to the camera where halftone negatives were made. The brochure explained that the proofs, illustrations, headlines and advertisements were then pasted to pagesize boards which were then photographed. Contact prints of the negatives were then made on zinc plates which were coated with an albumin potassium dichromate solution. The plates were then wrapped around press cylinders, from which the paper was printed. \"Theory is that water and ink repel each other,\" the brochure explained. \"Press has a set of ink rollers and set of water rollers. Where plate coating hardened, ink sticks; where coating washed off, water adheres, since plates have a grain.\"l2 The Daily World, by the end of 1940, was obviously on its way to success, although Andrepont had been forced to quit and sell his stock because of illness. The Daily World won reader acceptance not only for its aggressive news coverage but for its lavish use of pictures. The newspaper, of course, could reproduce photographs at low cost because of the offset process. In 1950, the competing Clarion News and the Opelousas Herald ceased publication. Except for service during World War I1 as a Marine pilot, Thistlcthwaite continued at the helm of the Daily World until 1972. He then sold the newspaper to Worrell Newspapers, Inc. for an undisclosed

Newspaper vs. TV Credibility for Local News

Potential competition in the US cable television industry is empirically examined for 385 markets. Predicted entry probabilities are included in a supply-demand model to permit empirical investigation of the effect of potential competition on incumbent cable operator’s price and channel programming decisions. Estimation results show incumbents offer more channels to consumers in markets facing greater potential competition from broadband service provider (BSP) wireline overbuilders and/or incumbent local exchange carriers. In particular, when the probability of entry rises to about 42 the average cable system provides six more channels, and price per channel declines from US$ 0.77 to US$ 0.66.

Price, Programming and Potential Competition in US Cable Television Markets

This chapter is devoted to a discussion of the multifaceted concept of media convergence. Media economics and management scholars and communication professionals
have become increasingly interested in convergence over the past 15 years. There are
many driving forces behind convergence and the increased interest in the concept. Driving forces include (a) technological innovation, including the rise of the Internet and the
digital revolution; (b) deregulation/liberalization and globalization, including passage of
the Telecommunications Act of 1996, formation of the European Union and the privatization of telecommunications andmedia around theworld; (c) changing consumer tastes
and increased consumer afﬂuence; (d) technological standardization; (e) the search for
synergy (i.e., 1 + 1 = 3); (f ) the fear of being left behind andbig egos (whichhave resulted
in high levels of merger and acquisition activity among media and telecommunication
companies around the world); and (g) repurposing of old media content for distribution
via various forms of new media (Wirth, 2003b).

Issues in Media Convergence

This study of local television news advertising prices finds: (1) that cable penetration has a significant negative effect on news prices; (2) that market concentration has a significant positive impact; and (3) that station ownership type has little or no effect on such prices.

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Michael O. Wirth

Papers

Industrial Organization Theory and Media Industry Analysis

Newspaper vs. TV Credibility for Local News

Price, Programming and Potential Competition in US Cable Television Markets

Issues in Media Convergence

The effects of market structure on television news pricing