Advances in wireless and mobile technology flood us with amounts of moving object data that preclude all means of manual data processing. The volume of data gathered from position sensors of mobile phones, PDAs, or vehicles, defies human ability to analyze the stream of input data. On the other hand, vast amounts of gathered data hide interesting and valuable knowledge patterns describing the behavior of moving objects. Thus, new algorithms for mining moving object data are required to unearth this knowledge. An important function of the mobile objects management system is the prediction of the unknown location of an object. In this paper we introduce a data mining approach to the problem of predicting the location of a moving object. We mine the database of moving object locations to discover frequent trajectories and movement rules. Then, we match the trajectory of a moving object with the database of movement rules to build a probabilistic model of object location. Experimental evaluation of the proposal reveals prediction accuracy close to 80%. Our original contribution includes the elaboration on the location prediction model, the design of an efficient mining algorithm, introduction of movement rule matching strategies, and a thorough experimental evaluation of the proposed model.

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Mining Frequent Trajectories of Moving Objects for Location Prediction

Providing a natural language interface to ontologies will not only offer ordinary users the convenience of acquiring needed information from ontologies, but also expand the influence of ontologies and the semantic web consequently. This paper presents PANTO, a Portable nAtural laNguage inTerface to Ontologies, which accepts generic natural language queries and outputs SPARQL queries. Based on a special consideration on nominal phrases, it adopts a triple-based data model to interpret the parse trees output by an off-the-shelf parser. Complex modifications in natural language queries such as negations, superlative and comparative are investigated. The experiments have shown that PANTO provides state-of-the-art results.

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PANTO: A Portable Natural Language Interface to Ontologies

An increasing amount of valuable data sources, advances in Internet of Things and Big Data technologies as well as the availability of a wide range of machine learning algorithms offers new potential to deliver analytical services to citizens and urban decision makers. However, there is still a gap in combining the current state of the art in an integrated framework that would help reducing development costs and enable new kind of services. In this chapter, we show how such an integrated Big Data analytical framework for Internet of Things and Smart City application could look like. The contributions of this chapter are threefold: (1) we provide an overview of Big Data and Internet of Things technologies including a summary of their relationships, (2) we present a case study in the smart grid domain that illustrates the high-level requirements towards such an analytical Big Data framework, and (3) we present an initial version of such a framework mainly addressing the volume and velocity challenge. The findings presented in this chapter are extended results from the EU funded project BIG and the German funded project PEC.

Towards a Big Data Analytics Framework for IoT and Smart City Applications

Event correlation has become the cornerstone of many reactive applications, particularly in distributed systems. However, support for programming with complex events is still rather specific and rudimentary. This paper presents EventJava, an extension of Java with generic support for event-based distributed programming. EventJava seamlessly integrates events with methods, and broadcasting with unicasting of events; it supports reactions to combinations of events, and predicates guarding those reactions. EventJava is implemented as a framework to allow for customization of event semantics, matching, and dispatching. We present its implementation, based on a compiler transforming specific primitives to Java, along with a reference implementation of the framework. We discuss ordering properties of EventJava through a formalization of its core as an extension of Featherweight Java. In a performance evaluation, we show that EventJava compares favorably to a highly tuned database-backed event correlation engine as well as to a comparably lightweight concurrency mechanism.

EventJava: An Extension of Java for Event Correlation

Query/Views/Transformation (QVT) is the OMG standard language for specifying model transformations in the context of MDA. It is regarded as one of the most important standards since model transformations are proposed as major operations for manipulating models. In the first part of the paper we briefly summarize the typical transformation scenarios that developers encounter in software development and formulate key requirements for each scenario. This allows a comparison between the desirable and the formulated requirements for QVT. Such a comparison helps us to initially evaluate the adequacy of the QVT language.The second part of the paper focuses on the current state of the standard: the language architecture, specification, paradigm, and open issues. The three QVT sublanguages Operational Mappings, Relations, and Core are briefly described. Special attention is given to the currently available and expected tool support.

State of the Art of QVT: A Model Transformation Language Standard

Invited Lectures.- Database Architecture Fertilizers: Just-in-Time, Just-Enough, and Autonomous Growth.- Digital Video: Just Another Data Stream?.- Charting a Dataspace: Lessons from Lewis and Clark.- Data Streams.- Fast Approximate Wavelet Tracking on Streams.- Resource Adaptive Periodicity Estimation of Streaming Data.- On Futuristic Query Processing in Data Streams.- Semantic Heterogeneity.- Detecting Similarities in Ontologies with the SOQA-SimPack Toolkit.- Holistic Schema Matching for Web Query Interfaces.- Data Mapping as Search.- Distributed Databases.- Parallelizing Skyline Queries for Scalable Distribution.- Replication, Load Balancing and Efficient Range Query Processing in DHTs.- IQN Routing: Integrating Quality and Novelty in P2P Querying and Ranking.- Multidimensionality and Nearest-Neighbor Searches.- Efficient Quantile Retrieval on Multi-dimensional Data.- Fast Nearest Neighbor Search on Road Networks.- Approximation Techniques to Enable Dimensionality Reduction for Voronoi-Based Nearest Neighbor Search.- Privacy and Security.- Authorization-Transparent Access Control for XML Under the Non-Truman Model.- On Honesty in Sovereign Information Sharing.- Temporal Data Management.- Multi-dimensional Aggregation for Temporal Data.- Similarity Search on Time Series Based on Threshold Queries.- Supporting Temporal Slicing in XML Databases.- Text Databases and Information Retrieval.- Indexing Shared Content in Information Retrieval Systems.- Feedback-Driven Structural Query Expansion for Ranked Retrieval of XML Data.- Expressiveness and Performance of Full-Text Search Languages.- Schema Management.- Model-Independent Schema and Data Translation.- Physical Design Refinement: The "Merge-Reduce" Approach.- Online, Non-blocking Relational Schema Changes.- Approximation and Estimation.- Deferred Maintenance of Disk-Based Random Samples.- Exploiting Cluster Analysis for Constructing Multi-dimensional Histograms on Both Static and Evolving Data.- HASE: A Hybrid Approach to Selectivity Estimation for Conjunctive Predicates.- Data and Query Patterns.- On High Dimensional Skylines.- From Analysis to Interactive Exploration: Building Visual Hierarchies from OLAP Cubes.- DPTree: A Distributed Pattern Tree Index for Partial-Match Queries in Peer-to-Peer Networks.- XML Queries and Updates.- A Decomposition-Based Probabilistic Framework for Estimating the Selectivity of XML Twig Queries.- Conflicting XML Updates.- Improving the Efficiency of XPath Execution on Relational Systems.- Data Streams and Pub/Sub Systems.- Bridging Physical and Virtual Worlds: Complex Event Processing for RFID Data Streams.- On Concurrency Control in Sliding Window Queries over Data Streams.- Towards Expressive Publish/Subscribe Systems.- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.- Finding Data Broadness Via Generalized Nearest Neighbors.- TrajPattern: Mining Sequential Patterns from Imprecise Trajectories of Mobile Objects.- On Exploring the Power-Law Relationship in the Itemset Support Distribution.- Images, Multimedia, and User Interfaces.- Fast Query Point Movement Techniques with Relevance Feedback for Content-Based Image Retrieval.- On Fast Non-metric Similarity Search by Metric Access Methods.- Constructing a Generic Natural Language Interface for an XML Database.- XML Data Management.- A New Design for a Native XML Storage and Indexing Manager.- XML Duplicate Detection Using Sorted Neighborhoods.- Handling Interlinked XML Instances on the Web.- Query Optimization.- Query Planning in the Presence of Overlapping Sources.- Optimizing Monitoring Queries over Distributed Data.- Progressive Query Optimization for Federated Queries.- Data Structures and Indexing.- Indexing Spatially Sensitive Distance Measures Using Multi-resolution Lower Bounds.- Indexing Incomplete Databases.- FlexInd: A Flexible and Parameterizable Air-Indexing Scheme for Data Broadcast Systems.- Nontraditional Query Processing.- Multi-query SQL Progress Indicators.- Finding Equivalent Rewritings in the Presence of Arithmetic Comparisons.- Fast Computation of Reachability Labeling for Large Graphs.- Spatial Data Management.- Distributed Spatial Clustering in Sensor Networks.- SCUBA: Scalable Cluster-Based Algorithm for Evaluating Continuous Spatio-temporal Queries on Moving Objects.- Caching Complementary Space for Location-Based Services.- Extending Data Base Technology.- Evolving Triggers for Dynamic Environments.- A Framework for Distributed XML Data Management.- Querying and Updating Probabilistic Information in XML.- An ECA Rule Rewriting Mechanism for Peer Data Management Systems.- Industrial Session.- A Metric Definition, Computation, and Reporting Model for Business Operation Analysis.- BISON: Providing Business Information Analysis as a Service.- The Design and Architecture of the ?-Synopses System.- Integrating a Maximum-Entropy Cardinality Estimator into DB2 UDB.- Improving DB2 Performance Expert - A Generic Analysis Framework.- Managing Collections of XML Schemas in Microsoft SQL Server 2005.- Enabling Outsourced Service Providers to Think Globally While Acting Locally.- Another Example of a Data Warehouse System Based on Transposed Files.- Demonstration Papers.- XG: A Grid-Enabled Query Processing Engine.- Managing and Querying Versions of Multiversion Data Warehouse.- Natix Visual Interfaces.- Hermes - A Framework for Location-Based Data Management.- TeNDaX, a Collaborative Database-Based Real-Time Editor System.- Synopses Reconciliation Via Calibration in the ?-Synopses System.- X-Evolution: A System for XML Schema Evolution and Document Adaptation.- TQuEST: Threshold Query Execution for Large Sets of Time Series.- VICO: Visualizing Connected Object Orderings.- XQueryViz: An XQuery Visualization Tool.- SAT: Spatial Awareness from Textual Input.- MUSCLE: Music Classification Engine with User Feedback.- iMONDRIAN: A Visual Tool to Annotate and Query Scientific Databases.- The SIRUP Ontology Query API in Action.- Querying Mediated Geographic Data Sources.- FIS-by-Step: Visualization of the Fast Index Scan for Nearest Neighbor Queries.- ArHeX: An Approximate Retrieval System for Highly Heterogeneous XML Document Collections.- MonetDB/XQuery-Consistent and Efficient Updates on the Pre/Post Plane.- STRIDER: A Versatile System for Structural Disambiguation.- An Extensible, Distributed Simulation Environment for Peer Data Management Systems.- Panel.- Data Management in the Social Web.

Mike Hatzopoulos

Papers

Advances in database technology - EDBT 2006 : 10th International Conference on Extending Database Technology, Munich, Germany, March 2006; proceedings

IQN Routing: Integrating Quality and Novelty in P2P Querying and Ranking

Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Advances in Database Technology