Exploring Planococcus sp. TRC1, a bacterial isolate, for carotenoid pigment production and detoxification of paper mill effluent in immobilized fluidized bed reactor

Environmental Implications of Nanomaterials

This study evaluated the bioremediation capacity of indigenous bacteria isolated from tannery sludge for two different tannery wastewaters collected from Kanpur and Chennai. To identify bacteria which can efficiently degrade a mixture of different pollutants, the isolates were grown in hazardous 100% tannery wastewaters. The reductions in toxicants such as chromium, sulphate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater were analysed post-bioremediation. Amongst the isolates, Citrobacter freundii was able to reduce the concentration of multiple toxicants such as chromium by 73% and sulphate was reduced by 68% bringing down the level much below the permissible limit stipulated by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Notably, the organic load characterized by BOD and COD was also lowered by 86 and 80%, respectively. The indigenous isolates, not only bioremediated the Kanpur effluent but, also significantly detoxified the Chennai effluent having higher toxicant load. An interesting observation made during the study was better survival and growth along with the development of appendages of Artemia nauplii in the treated wastewaters which thus further confirmed reduction in toxicity of the effluents. The results thus demonstrate that the tested indigenous strains are promising for bioremediation of tannery wastewater and effectively improve the water quality for safe discharge.

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Effective bioremediation and toxicity assessment of tannery wastewaters treated with indigenous bacteria

During the past few decades, urbanization and industrialization have leaped human culture and environment of living. Industrialization has caused the generation of various heavy metal, triggering environmental pollution. India is the top producer of chromium (Cr) in the world. Cr salts are consumed in the tannery, electroplating industry, dye industries, which leads to the release of the Cr(VI) contaminated wastewater into the water bodies and soil. Due to the toxic nature of Cr(VI), it has gained attention for remediation purposes but preexisting physical and chemical techniques are quite expensive and produce secondary waste, yet causing another issue for remediation. They also required extensive labor, still after performing extensive practice methods, these methods are not quite feasible for the Cr(VI) removal in treated effluent wastewater. Therefore, microbial remediation technique can be used for successful remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated industrial effluent wastewater before their release in the water bodies and soil. Thus, the present chapter deals with chemistry of Cr, its use, availability and its speciation, toxicity, and regulatory standards. To restore the Cr-contaminated site, the chemical/biological remediation processes for Cr(VI) and their efficiency have been summarized in some detail. The effect of Cr on various microbial isolates and their reduction capacity toward Cr(VI) are also discussed.

Microbial remediation of hexavalent chromium: An eco-friendly strategy for the remediation of chromium-contaminated wastewater

The tannery industry is one of the economic sectors that contributes to the development of different countries. Globally, Europe and Asia are the main producers of this industry, although Latin America and Africa have been growing considerably in recent years. With this growth, the negative environmental impacts towards different ecosystem resources as a result of the discharges of recalcitrated pollutants, have led to different investigations to generate alternative solutions. Worldwide, different technologies have been studied to address this problem, biological and physicochemical processes have been widely studied, presenting drawbacks with some recalcitrant compounds. This review provides a context on the different existing technologies for the treatment of tannery wastewater, analyzing the physicochemical composition of this liquid waste, the impact it generates on human health and ecosystems and the advances in the different existing technologies, focusing on advanced oxidation processes and the use of microalgae. The coupling of advanced oxidation processes with biological processes, mainly microalgae, is seen as a viable biotechnological strategy, not only for the removal of pollutants, but also to obtain value-added products with potential use in the biorefining of the biomass.

Advanced Oxidation Processes and Biotechnological Alternatives for the Treatment of Tannery Wastewater.

An indigenous bacterial isolate Planococcus sp. TRC1 was found to tolerate Cr(VI) solution up to 500 mg/L concentration when grown in mineral salt media. Gene sequencing of the isolated strain using 16S rDNA technique and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the species was 96% close to Planococcus maritimus (KP8). Studies on cell dynamics in batch bioreactor showed the maximum specific cell growth rate (μmax) to be 0.276 h−1. Removal of Cr(VI) was observed to be dependent on initial chromium concentration and the maximum removal of Cr(VI) (75 ± 3%) was obtained at 25 mg/L Cr(VI) solution for an incubation period of 72 h. Above this value, the removal of Cr(VI) was declined. Scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies indicated that the Cr(VI) removal took place by the adsorption process on the cell outer membrane. It is observed that the adsorption process follows the Freundlich adsorption isotherm (R2 = 0.987). Planococcus sp. TRC1 reduced 80 ± 5% chemical o...

Evaluation of performance of Planococcus sp. TRC1 an indigenous bacterial isolate monoculture as bioremediator for tannery effluent

Simultaneous o-cresol degradation and biosurfactant production by indigenous bacterial monoculture: kinetics and genotoxic risk assessment.

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Minati Behera

Papers

Evaluation of performance of Planococcus sp. TRC1 an indigenous bacterial isolate monoculture as bioremediator for tannery effluent

Simultaneous o-cresol degradation and biosurfactant production by indigenous bacterial monoculture: kinetics and genotoxic risk assessment.

Radiographical and biochemical studies of leg bones during post-hatch development of broiler chickens