http://aoatools.aua.gr/pilotec/files/bibliography/Biofuels%20sources,%20biofuel%20policy,%20biofuel%20economy%20and%20global%20biofuel%20projections-1912165888/Biofuels%20sources,%20biofuel%20policy,%20biofuel%20economy%20and%20global%20biofuel%20projections.pdf

Biofuels sources, biofuel policy, biofuel economy and global biofuel projections

The occurrence of new emerging contaminants in surface waters has recently grabbed increased attention of the scientific community. The adoption of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) represents an efficient strategy to remove recalcitrant compounds from aqueous streams and achieve high mineralization levels. Amongst AOPs, the photo-Fenton process has been widely investigated due to the possibility of using a renewable energy source (i.e., solar energy) and low concentration of catalyst. On the other hand, the use of photo-Fenton process is restricted to acidic pH values, with associate high operating costs for industrial scale applications. To overcome these drawbacks, photo-Fenton processes modified by adding selected chelating agents can be successfully performed at neutral pH. The present review aims at examining and comparing the most relevant papers dealing with photo-Fenton processes at neutral pH that appeared in the literature so far. Such papers were classified by chelating species adopted. In particular, for each iron(III)-ligand complex, the mechanism of photolysis, the speciation diagram, the light absorption properties, the quantum yields, biodegradation and toxicity, and some example of applications are reported. As a conclusion, suitable criteria for choosing chelating agent and operating conditions in photo-Fenton processes at neutral pH are proposed.

Homogeneous photo-Fenton processes at near neutral pH: A review

Coal gasification in CO2 atmosphere and its kinetics since 1948: A brief review

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Elements Of Chemical Reaction Engineering

This paper deals with rapid pyrolysis of agricultural residues such as olive waste and straw at high temperature (800 -1000degreesC) in a free-fall reactor at pilot scale. The conditions are of interest for gasification in fluidized beds where rapid pyrolysis plays an important role as first stage. The objective of the work is to study the effect of the process conditions such as heating rate, temperature and particle size on the product distribution, gas composition and char reactivity. A higher temperature and smaller particles increase the heating rate resulting in a decreased char yield. The cracking of the hydrocarbons with an increase in the hydrogen content is favoured by a higher temperature and by using smaller particles. Wood gives more volatiles and less char than straw and olive waste. The higher ash content in agricultural residues favours the charring reactions. The higher lignin content in olive waste results in a higher char yield in comparison with straw. Chars from olive waste and straw are more reactive in gasification than chars from birch because of the higher ash content.

Rapid pyrolysis of agricultural residues at high temperature

Solid-liquid dissolution is a central step in many industrial applications such as pharmaceutical, process engineering, and pollution control. Accurate mathematical models are proposed to improve reactor design and process operations. Analytical methods are significantly beneficial in the case of iterative methods used within experimental investigations. In the present study, a detailed analytical solution for the general case of solid particles dissolving in multiphase chemical reaction systems is presented. In this model, the authors consider a formulation that considers the particles’ shape factor. The general case presented could be utilized within different problems of multiphase flows. These methods could be extended to different cases within the chemical engineering area. Examples are illustrated here in relation to limestone dissolution taking place within the Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization process, where calcium carbonate is dissolving in an acidic environment. The method is the most common used technology to abate SO2 released by fuel combustion. Limestone dissolution plays a major role in the process. Nevertheless, there is a need for improvements in the optimization of the WFGD process for scale-up purposes. The mathematical model has been tested by comparison with experimental data from several mild acidic dissolution assays of sedimentary and metamorphic limestone. We have found that R2 ⊂ 0.92 ± 0.06 from dozens of experiments. This fact verifies the model qualifications in capturing the main drivers of the system.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/23/6164/pdf

Modeling of Limestone Dissolution for Flue Gas Desulfurization with Novel Implications

Influence of temperature on fast-mode cyclic operation hydrodynamics in trickle-bed reactors

Ethanol oxidation in a trickle-bed reactor using a hydrophobic catalyst. Effect of dilution with hydrophilic particles

Abstract The present work describes a method of automatic fault detection and identification based on a hybrid model (HM): First Principles – Neural Network. The FPM can simulate a wide range of situations while the NN corrects the model output using information from the historical data of the process. Operating conditions corresponding to different types of faults were simulated with the HM and saved with their description in a process state library. To detect a fault, the online measured data was compared with that corresponding to the operation under normal conditions. If a significant deviation was detected, the current state was compared with all the states stored in the process state library and it was identified as the one at the shortest distance. The method was tested with real data from a methanol-water industrial distillation column. During the studied period of operation of the plant, two faults were identified and reported. The proposed method was able to identify such failures more effectively than an equivalent model of first principles. The results obtained show that the proposed method has a great potential to be used in the automatic diagnosis of faults in refining and petrochemical processes.

Hybrid model for fault detection and diagnosis in an industrial distillation column

The chemical, structural, and textural-morphological features of low rank coals, subbituminous and high volatile bituminous, from Argentinean minefields were examined. Features modifications arising from thermal treatment and mineral matter removal were analyzed and related to chars reactivity for CO2 gasification. For this purpose, proximate, ultimate, and ash analyses, X-ray diffraction, mercury intrusion porosimetry, adsorption of CO2 (298 K), and scanning electronic microscopy were performed on the original coals as well as on the raw and demineralized char samples. Thermal treatment increased the coals structural ordering and affected pores of any size, leading to bimodal macro-mesopore size distributions and to a pronounced development of micropores. Disarrangement of the structures took place as a result of mineral matter removal altering mainly macro and mesopores, thus producing unimodal distributions. Structural changes occasioned by thermal treatment and demineralization were also reflected in ...

Miryan Cassanello

Papers

Modeling of Limestone Dissolution for Flue Gas Desulfurization with Novel Implications

Influence of temperature on fast-mode cyclic operation hydrodynamics in trickle-bed reactors

Ethanol oxidation in a trickle-bed reactor using a hydrophobic catalyst. Effect of dilution with hydrophilic particles

Hybrid model for fault detection and diagnosis in an industrial distillation column

Effect of Thermal and Acid Treatments on Properties of Argentinean Low Rank Coals