Showing papers by "Mukul K. Das published in 2014"

Improvement on LEACH Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have great potential to support several important wireless applications, including real-time multimedia communication, medical applications, surveillance using sensor networks, industrial applications, military surveillance and home networking applications. But there are two challenging issues (i) communication bandwidth and (ii) energy are very important to design wireless and mobile systems because these are very much limited in network environment. Therefore it requires intelligent communication and design techniques to increase bandwidth as well as energy efficient protocol. The most efficient routing protocol LEACH (Lower Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been incorporated by Heinzelman et.al. LEACH uses the concept of dynamic clustering when sensor nodes are deploying randomly where number of cluster impact on the network. This paper describes the network quality that depends on different characteristics of data transmission as a Modification on LEACH protocol. In this paper, we discussed and explain the comparison of magnitude, phase, phase delay, group delay, amplitude of broadcasting and energy consumption respectively.

Low-Energy Adaptive Unequal Clustering Protocol Using Fuzzy c-Means in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Clustering technique in wireless sensor networks incorporate proper utilization of the limited energy resources of the deployed sensor nodes with the highest residual energy that can be used to gather data and send the information. However, the problem of unbalanced energy consumption exists in a particular cluster node in the network. Some more powerful nodes act as cluster head to control sensor network operation when the network is organized into heterogeneous clusters. It is important to assume that energy consumption of these cluster head nodes is balanced. Often the network is organized into clusters of equal size where cluster head nodes bear unequal loads. Instead in this paper, we proposed a new protocol low-energy adaptive unequal clustering protocol using Fuzzy c-means in wireless sensor networks (LAUCF), an unequal clustering size model for the organization of network based on Fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm, which can lead to more uniform energy dissipation among the cluster head nodes, thus increasing network lifetime. A heuristic comparison between our proposed protocol LAUCF and other different energy-aware protocol including low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) has been carried out. Simulation result shows that our proposed heterogeneous clustering approach using FCM protocol is more effective in prolonging the network lifetime compared with LEACH and other protocol for long run.

Modified Gossip Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Chebyshev Distance and Fuzzy Logic

Abstract: The Flooding is a traditional flat based routing protocol where unlimited broadcasting of the packets in the flooding scheme will cause the huge energy consumption to send the packets from source to sink due to implosion, overlap, resource blindness and consequently creates broadcast storm. However Gossiping routing protocol in WSNs is very much effective due to its simplicity, robustness, distributed and capability to work in noisy and uncertain environments. But due to recirculation of information and repeated data communication of randomized gossip protocol which can lead to a significant energy consumption of the network. This paper proposes an energy efficient routing protocol based on Fuzzy Logic and Chebyshev Distance, which is a modification of gossip protocol. The new protocol determines the optimal routing path from source to destination by selected the best node from candidate nodes in the forwarding paths by favoring highest remaining energy and the lowest distance to the sink. Simulation results shows that the proposed method is efficient to control messages forwarding and improves the performance which minimizes the overall energy consumption and maximize WSNs lifespan.

Energy-Aware Mathematical Modeling of Packet Transmission Through Cluster Head from Unequal Clusters in WSN

Abstract: Clustering techniques in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) compare to random selection techniques is less costly due to the saving of time in journeys, reduction in number of transmissions and receptions at each node, identification, contacts, etc., which are valuable for increasing the overall network life, scalability of WSNs. Clustering sensor nodes is an effective and efficient technique for achieving the requirement. The maximizing lifetime of network by minimizing energy consumption poses a challenge in design of protocols. Therefore, proper organization of clustering and orientation of nodes within the cluster becomes one of the important issues to extend the lifetime of the whole sensor network through Cluster Head (CH). We investigate the problem of energy consumption in CH rotation in WSNs. In this paper, CH selection algorithm has been proposed from an unequal cluster. The total energy and expected number of packet retransmissions in delivering a packet from the sensor node to other nodes have been mathematically derived. In this paper, we applied the approach for producing energy-aware unequal clusters with optimal selection of CH and discussed several aspects of the network mathematically and statistically. The simulation results demonstrate that our approach of re-clustering in terms of energy consumption and lifetime parameters.

Theoretical analysis of GaSb/GaAs QWIP

Abstract: This paper investigates a theoretical analysis of the inter-subband transition GaSb/GaAs quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) considering large valence band discontinuity. Performance parameters such as Eigen energy states, absorption coefficient as well as responsivity are obtained for bound to bound inter-subband transition of QWIP. The confinement energies for the first heavy- and light-hole states are obtained as 0.1718 eV and 0.4329 eV, respectively. A broad detection window of 2 to 5 μm with peak responsivity of about 53.8 μA/W at wavelength of 2.7 μm is obtained at 5 V bias voltage.