Fasciolosis is an important parasitic disease of domestic ruminants caused by digenean trematodes of the genus Fasciola commonly referred as liver flukes. The two species most commonly implicated, as the etiological agents of fasciolosis are Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica (Lotfy et al., 2002). It is a serious disease ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 4 (2014) pp. 1122-1132 http://www.ijcmas.com

https://www.ijcmas.com/vol-3-4/Bekele%20Chakiso,%20et%20al.pdf

On Farm Study of Bovine Fasciolosis in Lemo District and Its Economic Loss Due To Liver Condemnation at Hossana Municipal Abattoir, Southern Ethiopia

A cross-sectional study was conducted from October, 2013 to April, 2014 on cause of organ condemnation, its public health and financial significance in Nekemte municipal abattoir in East Wollega zone, Oromia regional state of Ethiopia. The overall objective was to determine the cause of organ condemnation, its public health and financial significance due to fasciolosis, hydatidosis, Cysticercus bovis and other causes. Accordingly, a total of 534 randomly selected slaughtered cattle were examined both during antemortem and postmortem. There were many physical abnormalities such as localized swelling 12(2.25%), laceration 2(0.37%), branding 21 (3.93%), lameness 11(2.06%), abrasion 4(0.74%), nasal discharge 7(1.31%), and lacrimation 5(0.94%). During postmorterm, inspection organs were condemned due to fasciolosis [liver 65(12.17%)], hydatid cyst [liver 94(17.6%), lung 65(12.17%)], Corynebacterium bovis [heart 8(1.49%) and carcass 2(0.37%)]. The chi2 analysis of potential risk factors revealed that there was statistically insignificant difference in age, altitude and body condition between animals from different origin (P > 0.05). The total annual direct financial loss from organ condemnation due to hydatidosis, fasciolosis, C. bovis and other causes was estimated to be 1.056,155.05 Ethiopian Birr (ETB) annually = 52807 USD. The result of this study revealed that hydatidosis (12.73%) is the major disease causing direct economic losses significantly in the study area followed by fasciolosis (12.7%) and cysticercosis (2.4%).

	 

	Key words: Hydatidosis, fasciolosis, Cysticercus bovis, Nekemte.

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Causes of organ condemnation, its public health and financial significance in Nekemte municipal abattoir, Wollega, Western Ethiopia

The present study was conducted to determine the molecular characterization of nucleoprotein (N) gene segment of the rabies virus (RV) in Sultanate of Oman. A portion of nucleotide sequence of N gene was amplified from the brains of 4 rabid animals (two goats, one sheep, and one camel) collected during 2011 to 2012, through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The nucleotide sequences of the gene were subjected to molecular and phylogenic analysis. The phylogenic analysis was performed in relation to Omani isolates and other sequences from the neighboring countries available in the GenBank. Results indicated that one genetic group of virus appeared to be circulating in the Sultanate of Oman with 99% of homology. The study also indicated that the Omani rabies virus is closely related (> 97% homology) to viruses isolated from Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Israel. It is clear from the results that since its first diagnosis in 1990 the rabies virus has not gone through significant variations from the one isolated from first outbreaks. Since, there is no evidence of any other rabies virus variant in Oman, it seem that rabies is maintained endemically in Oman through wild foxes.

	 

	Key words: Rabies, Oman, molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis, Oman.

https://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1417096012_Body et al.pdf

Study on molecular characterization of rabies virus N gene segment from different animal species in the Sultanate of Oman

A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2013 to April 2014 on bovine fasciolosis at Areka municipal abattoir to estimate the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis, associated risk factors, evaluate the sensitivity of coprological test and estimate direct annual financial loss due to liver condemnation. From 400 sampled cattle’s during the study period, 67 (16.75%) of their fecal samples and 120 (30%) of their livers were positive during antemortem and postmortem inspection, respectively. The prevalence of bovine fasciolosis was higher in older (>10 years [36.5%]) than younger ones (<5 years [20.8%]). The prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in study sites was significantly associated with age and body condition of cattle (P<0.05). From species comparison, Fasciola hepatica (14.75%) was found to be the predominant species causing bovine fasciolosis. The direct financial analysis due to liver condemnation was made based on retail price/value of bovine liver and estimated to be 47,124 ETB (2,406.74 USD). In general, fasciolosis is more prevalent in the study area and cause loss in economic impact from liver condemnation. The fact of parasitic existence and associated economic loss warrant the need of control and prevention systems to be designed and implemented at the study site.

	 

	Key words: Areka municipal abattoir, bovine fasciolosis, coprology, liver condemnation, postmortem examination.

Cross-sectional study on bovine fasciolosis: prevalence, coprological, abattoir survey and financial loss due to liver condemnation at Areka Municipal Abattoir, Southern Ethiopia

A study was conducted to determine the prevalence and economic significance of fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered at Mettu town municipal abattoir, Southwest Ethiopia. A total of 663 animals were randomly selected from the indigenous zebu cattle brought to the abattoir during October 2008-May 2009. Retrospective assessment, Ante-mortem examinations, body condition scoring and Post-mortem inspections were performed to collect data. Out of the total examined animals 47.1% (312/663) were found positive for Fasciola parasites. Two species of Fasciola: Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica were detected with prevalences of 26.9% (178/663) and 11.8% (78/663), respectively, mixed infections by both species were 4.8% (32/663) and immature (unidentified) flukes were 3.5% (24/663) of the total infections. The difference in prevalence of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica was found to be significant (P=0.000). Prevalence of the disease was also determined in relation to body condition score of the sample animals whereby 319 and 344 animals were categorized under Good and Medium body condition score sub-groups, respectively. It was found that 41.7% (133/319) of the Good score animals and 52% (179/344) of the medium score animals were positive for Fasciola parasites, and the difference in prevalence between the two sub-groups was statistically significant (P=0.008). The annual direct economic loss due to liver condemnation and the annual indirect economic loss due to carcass weight reduction were estimated to be 4,757.00 USD (47,570.00 birr) and 46,615.00 USD (466,150.00 birr), respectively; hence, the total economic loss due to fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered at Mettu municipal abattoir was estimated to be 51,372.00 USD (513,720.00 birr). In conclusion, bovine fasciolosis due to Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica was observed to be an economically important disease in Mettu and its surrounding districts. Further studies on small ruminant species and local epidemiology of the disease are suggested to enable control of the infection in the area.

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Economic Significance of Fasciolosis at Mettu Municipal Abattoir, Southwest Ethiopia

Cross-sectional study was done to determine the prevalence and economic significance of fasciolosis at Gondar ELFORA abattoir using coprological and abattoir survey. A 6 year database (2005-2010) from the abattoir was retrieved and analyzed. Faecal samples from randomly selected 400 cattle were examined using sedimentation technique and postmortem. Among 400 livers and faecal samples examined, 119 (29.75%) and 76 (19.5%) were positive for adult fasciola parasites and eggs, respectively. Species identification revealed that F.hepatica was more prevalent (79.8%) as compared to F. gigantica (14.28 %).  Some animals (5.88%) were harboring mixed infections. Animals of poor body condition (40%, n=50) were positive for Fasciola. Results from the retrospective study revealed that out of 33, 256 examined livers 8,830 (26.55 %) were condemned due to fasciolosis. Based on present local price of liver, the total economic loss through condemnation accounts 32, 075.41 Eth. Birr (US$ 2,566) annually. This indicated that Fasciola infection is an important condition that leads to high liver condemnation rates consequential into high economic loss. Therefore additional work on this parasite on live animals of different age, species, breeds and economic aspects should be accomplished.

/pdf/comparison-of-coprological-and-postmoretem-examinations-4qw53n03yw.pdf

Comparison of Coprological and Postmoretem Examinations Techniques for the Deterimination of Prevalence and Economic Significance of Bovine Fasciolosis

Mulat Nega

Papers

Comparison of Coprological and Postmoretem Examinations Techniques for the Deterimination of Prevalence and Economic Significance of Bovine Fasciolosis