Abstract A two-dimensional version of the Pennsylvania State University mesoscale model has been applied to Winter Monsoon Experiment data in order to simulate the diurnally occurring convection observed over the South China Sea. The domain includes a representation of part of Borneo as well as the sea so that the model can simulate the initiation of convection. Also included in the model are parameterizations of mesoscale ice phase and moisture processes and longwave and shortwave radiation with a diurnal cycle. This allows use of the model to test the relative importance of various heating mechanisms to the stratiform cloud deck, which typically occupies several hundred kilometers of the domain. Frank and Cohen's cumulus parameterization scheme is employed to represent vital unresolved vertical transports in the convective area. The major conclusions are: Ice phase processes are important in determining the level of maximum large-scale heating and vertical motion because there is a strong anvil componen...

Numerical study of convection observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model [presentation]

Utilising green and bluespace to mitigate urban heat island intensity.

The urban heat island effect, its causes, and mitigation, with reference to the thermal properties of asphalt concrete.

Urban heat island effect: A systematic review of spatio-temporal factors, data, methods, and mitigation measures

Temporal and spatial variability of urban heat island and thermal comfort within the Rotterdam agglomeration

In this study, we improve the Weather Research and Forecasting mesoscale model (WRF) performance by incorporating observations of a variety of sources using data assimilation and nudging techniques on a resolution up to 100 meter for urban areas. Our final goal is to create a 15 year climatological urban re-analysis data archive of (hydro)meteorological variables for Amsterdam which is named ERA-urban. This will enable us to trace trends in thermal comfort and extreme precipitation.

Weather Reanalysis on an Urban Scale using WRF

Mitigation of the urban heat island effect using vegetation

Berichten van het Buys Ballot herfstsymposium 2011

. With increasing number and proximity of wind farms it becomes crucial to consider wind farm effects (WFE) in the numerical weather prediction (NWP) models used to forecast power production. Furthermore, these WFE are also expected to affect other weather-related parameters at least locally. Thus, we implement the explicit wake parameterization (EWP) in the NWP model HARMONIE-AROME (hereafter HARMONIE) along-side the existing wind farm parameterization (WFP) by Fitch et al. (2012) (FITCH). We evaluate and compare the two WFPs against research flight measurements as well as against 5 similar simulations performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) using case studies. The case studies include a case for WFE above a wind farm as well as two cases for WFE at hub height in the wake of farms. The results show that EWP and FITCH have been correctly implemented in HARMONIE. For the simulated cases, EWP underestimates the WFE on wind speed and strongly underestimates the effect on turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). FITCH agrees better with the observations and WFE on TKE are particularly well captured by HARMONIE-FITCH. After this successful evaluation, 10 simulations with all wind turbines in Europe will be performed with HARMONIE and presented in the second part of this paper series.

Modelling wind farm effects in HARMONIE-AROME (cycle 43.2.2) – part 1: Implementation and evaluation

Abstract. With increasing number and proximity of wind farms it becomes crucial to consider wind farm effects (WFE) in the numerical weather prediction (NWP) models used to forecast power production. Furthermore, these WFE are also expected to affect other weather-related parameters at least locally. Thus, we implement the explicit wake parameterization (EWP) in the NWP model HARMONIE-AROME (hereafter HARMONIE) along-side the existing wind farm parameterization (WFP) by Fitch et al. (2012) (FITCH). We evaluate and compare the two WFPs against research flight measurements as well as against similar simulations performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) using case studies. The case studies include a case for WFE above a wind farm as well as two cases for WFE at hub height in the wake of farms. The results show that EWP and FITCH have been correctly implemented in HARMONIE. For the simulated cases, EWP underestimates the WFE on wind speed and strongly underestimates the effect on turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). FITCH agrees better with the observations and WFE on TKE are particularly well captured by HARMONIE-FITCH. After this successful evaluation, simulations with all wind turbines in Europe will be performed with HARMONIE and presented in the second part of this paper series. 

N.E. Theeuwes

Papers

Weather Reanalysis on an Urban Scale using WRF

Mitigation of the urban heat island effect using vegetation

Berichten van het Buys Ballot herfstsymposium 2011

Modelling wind farm effects in HARMONIE-AROME (cycle 43.2.2) – part 1: Implementation and evaluation

Modelling wind farm effects in HARMONIE-AROME (cycle 43.2.2) – part 1: Implementation and evaluation