As the environment preservation gradually becomes a matter of major social concern and more strict legislation is being imposed on effluent discharge, more effective processes are required to deal with non-readily biodegradable and toxic pollutants. Synthetic organic dyes in industrial effluents cannot be destroyed in conventional wastewater treatment and consequently, an urgent challenge is the development of new environmentally benign technologies able to mineralize completely these non-biodegradable compounds. This review aims to increase the knowledge on the electrochemical methods used at lab and pilot plant scale to decontaminate synthetic and real effluents containing dyes, considering the period from 2009 to 2013, as an update of our previous review up to 2008. Fundamentals and main applications of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes and the other electrochemical approaches are described. Typical methods such as electrocoagulation, electrochemical reduction, electrochemical oxidation and indirect electro-oxidation with active chlorine species are discussed. Recent advances on electrocatalysis related to the nature of anode material to generate strong heterogeneous OH as mediated oxidant of dyes in electrochemical oxidation are extensively examined. The fast destruction of dyestuffs mediated with electrogenerated active chlorine is analyzed. Electro-Fenton and photo-assisted electrochemical methods like photoelectrocatalysis and photoelectro-Fenton, which destroy dyes by heterogeneous OH and/or homogeneous OH produced in the solution bulk, are described. Current advantages of the exposition of effluents to sunlight in the emerging photo-assisted procedures of solar photoelectrocatalysis and solar photoelectro-Fenton are detailed. The characteristics of novel combined methods involving photocatalysis, adsorption, nanofiltration, microwaves and ultrasounds among others and the use of microbial fuel cells are finally discussed.

Decontamination of wastewaters containing synthetic organic dyes by electrochemical methods. An updated review

Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review.

Direct And Mediated Anodic Oxidation of Organic Pollutants

http://textilamir.persiangig.com/document/3.pdf

Cationic and anionic dye adsorption by agricultural solid wastes: A comprehensive review

Traditional physicochemical and biological techniques, as well as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), are often inadequate, ineffective, or expensive for industrial water reclamation. Within this context, the electrochemical technologies have found a niche where they can become dominant in the near future, especially for the abatement of biorefractory substances. In this critical review, some of the most promising electrochemical tools for the treatment of wastewater contaminated by organic pollutants are discussed in detail with the following goals: (1) to present the fundamental aspects of the selected processes; (2) to discuss the effect of both the main operating parameters and the reactor design on their performance; (3) to critically evaluate their advantages and disadvantages; and (4) to forecast the prospect of their utilization on an applicable scale by identifying the key points to be further investigated. The review is focused on the direct electrochemical oxidation, the indirect electrochemical oxidation mediated by electrogenerated active chlorine, and the coupling between anodic and cathodic processes. The last part of the review is devoted to the critical assessment of the reactors that can be used to put these technologies into practice.

Single and Coupled Electrochemical Processes and Reactors for the Abatement of Organic Water Pollutants: A Critical Review.

Electrochemical oxidation of textile wastewater and its reuse.

Electrooxidation of simulated Acid Blue 113 dye effluent has been carried out using a RuO 2 /Ti electrode. The influence of the initial concentration of dye, supporting electrolyte, current densities and pH on COD reduction has been critically studied. Electrochemical analysis such as Instantaneous Current Efficiency (ICE) and Electrochemical Oxygen Demand (EOD) were used.

Electrochemical Treatment of Simulated Textile Effluent

In the present investigation, treatment of textile effluent using an electrochemical technique was designed and analyzed using the Box-Behnken method. The influence of individual parameters on electro-oxidation of textile effluent has been critically examined using the response surface method (RSM), and a quadratic model for chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction has been developed. It has been observed from the present analysis that the predicted values are in good agreement with experimental data with a correlation coefficient of 0.945.

N. Mohan

Papers

Electrochemical oxidation of textile wastewater and its reuse.

Electrochemical Treatment of Simulated Textile Effluent

Evaluation of Electro-Oxidation of Textile Effluent Using Response Surface Methods