다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Circular inter-intra pixels bit-level permutation and chaos-based image encryption

With the rapid development of marine activities, there has been an increasing number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices on the ocean. This leads to a growing demand for high-speed and ultrareliable maritime communications. It has been reported that a large performance loss is often inevitable if the existing fourth-generation (4G), fifth-generation (5G), or satellite communication technologies are used directly on the ocean. Hence, conventional theories and methods need to be tailored to this maritime scenario to match its unique characteristics, such as dynamic electromagnetic propagation environments, geometrically limited available base station (BS) sites and rigorous service demands from mission-critical applications. Toward this end, we provide a survey on the demand for maritime communications enabled by state-of-the-art hybrid satellite-terrestrial maritime communication networks (MCNs). We categorize the enabling technologies into three types based on their aims: 1) enhancing transmission efficiency; 2) extending network coverage; and 3) provisioning maritime-specific services. Future developments and open issues are also discussed. Based on this discussion, we envision the use of external auxiliary information, such as sea state and atmosphere conditions, to build up an environment-aware, service-driven, and integrated satellite-air-ground MCN.

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Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Communication Networks for the Maritime Internet of Things: Key Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges

Segmentation of images by color features: a survey

Cervical cancer, as the fourth most common cause of death from cancer among women, has no symptoms in the early stage. There are few methods to diagnose cervical cancer precisely at present. Support vector machine (SVM) approach is introduced in this paper for cervical cancer diagnosis. Two improved SVM methods, support vector machine-recursive feature elimination and support vector machine-principal component analysis (SVM-PCA), are further proposed to diagnose the malignant cancer samples. The cervical cancer data are represented by 32 risk factors and 4 target variables: Hinselmann, Schiller, Cytology, and Biopsy. All four targets have been diagnosed and classified by the three SVM-based approaches, respectively. Subsequently, we make the comparison among these three methods and compare our ranking result of risk factors with the ground truth. It is shown that SVM-PCA method is superior to the others.

Data-Driven Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer With Support Vector Machine-Based Approaches

Automated segmentation of iris images acquired in an unconstrained environment using HOG-SVM and GrowCut

Design a fast and reliable iris segmentation algorithm for less constrained iris images is essential to build a robust iris recognition system. Daugman's integrodifferential operator (IDO) is one of powerful iris segmentation mechanisms, but in contrast consumes a large portion of the computational time for localising the rough position of the iris centre and eyelid boundaries. To address this problem, a fast iris segmentation algorithm is proposed. First, the circular Gabor filter is adopted to find the rough position of the pupil centre. Second, the iris and pupil circles are localised using the IDO taken into account that the real centres of the iris and pupil are in the small area around the rough position of the pupil centre. Third, the upper and lower eyelid boundaries are extracted using the live-wire technique. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed iris segmentation algorithm significantly minimises the required time to segment the iris without affecting the segmentation accuracy. Moreover, the comparison results with state-of-the-art iris segmentation algorithms show the superiority of the proposed algorithm in terms of segmentation accuracy and recognition performance. The challenging UBIRIS.v1 iris image database is utilised to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm.

Fast and reliable iris segmentation algorithm

In this article, a high-speed and highly restricted encryption algorithm is proposed to cipher high-definition (HD) images based on the modified advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm. AES is a well-known block cipher algorithm and has several advantages, such as high-level security and implementation ability. However, AES has some drawbacks, including high computation costs, pattern appearance, and high hardware requirements. The aforementioned problems become more complex when the AES algorithm ciphers an image, especially HD images. Three modifications are proposed in this paper to improve AES algorithm performance through, decreasing the computation costs, decreasing the hardware requirements, and increasing the security level. First, modification was conducted using MixColumn transformation in 5 rounds instead of 10 rounds in the original AES-128 to decrease the encryption time. Security is enhanced by improving the key schedule operation by adding MixColumn transformation to this operation as second modification. In addition, to decrease the hardware requirements, S-box and Inv. S-box in the original AES are replaced by one simple S-box used for encryption and decryption in the proposed method. The proposed AES version conducts one of the ciphering modes to solve the appearance pattern problem. Experimental results indicate that the proposed modifications to the AES algorithm made the algorithm more compatible with HD image encryption.

High Definition Image Encryption Algorithm Based on AES Modification

The COVID-19 outbreak from the SARS-CoV-2 virus has shocking us with its fast transmission and deadly complication. Due to that, the movement restriction has been enforced to contain this pandemic. Recently, there is an increasing pressure to restart and resurrect social and economic sectors, and to allow people to get back to work. This must be well planned before the movement restriction is lifted. Because of that, this paper aims to review and make recommendations on the new normal for our daily activities and works. Firstly, the social and economic sectors must be opening in phases by emphasizing safety and health than an economic recovery. In the meantime, the WHO recommendations on social distancing and personal hygiene must be adapted and become a new normal. Because of that, the government and local authorities should develop a soft landing approach based on the WHO recommendations. Next, the community must be engaged and empowered to do their parts in preventing the spread of COVID-19. From the new normal recommendations, the people can continue their daily routines, and at the same time can reduce COVID-19 transmission. However, medical possibilities are not considered while compiling these new normals and procedures. The population must adapt and embrace the new normal to control, reduce and prevent the spreading of COVID-19, as it could be with us for a long time.

Nasharuddin Zainal

Papers

Automated segmentation of iris images acquired in an unconstrained environment using HOG-SVM and GrowCut

Fast and reliable iris segmentation algorithm

High Definition Image Encryption Algorithm Based on AES Modification

COVID-19 exit strategy: Transitioning towards a new normal

Rapid Encryption Method based on AES Algorithm for Grey Scale HD Image Encryption