The preparation, structure, and chemistry of hypervalent iodine compounds are reviewed with emphasis on their synthetic application. Compounds of iodine possess reactivity similar to that of transition metals, but have the advantage of environmental sustainability and efficient utilization of natural resources. These compounds are widely used in organic synthesis as selective oxidants and environmentally friendly reagents. Synthetic uses of hypervalent iodine reagents in halogenation reactions, various oxidations, rearrangements, aminations, C–C bond-forming reactions, and transition metal-catalyzed reactions are summarized and discussed. Recent discovery of hypervalent catalytic systems and recyclable reagents, and the development of new enantioselective reactions using chiral hypervalent iodine compounds represent a particularly important achievement in the field of hypervalent iodine chemistry. One of the goals of this Review is to attract the attention of the scientific community as to the benefits of...

Advances in Synthetic Applications of Hypervalent Iodine Compounds

Organic Chemistry By Dr. I. L. Finar. Vol. 2: Stereochemistry and the Chemistry of Natural Products. Pp. xi + 733. (London and New York: Longmans, Green and Co., Ltd., 1956.) 40s. net.

Advanced Organic Chemistry

Synthesis of novel pyrazole derivatives and evaluation of their antidepressant and anticonvulsant activities

It is firmly established that cell surface carbohydrate-protein interactions are at the forefront of a myriad of vital cellular events.1 Such interactions, however, are usually weak, with KD values of the order of mM for monosaccharides. However, when a set of multivalent saccharides is clustered together with the right structure and spatial disposition, the interaction becomes strong and specific. This augmented association is more than what would be expected on the basis of the increased carbohydrate local concentration, and it has been termed glycoside cluster effect.2 It is quite obvious that in order to intervene efficiently on these interactions, multivalent external agents have to be employed. In this context, one can envisage the use of glycoclusters firmly anchored to a conformationally rigidified calixarene or calixresorcarene scaffold as suitable systems for protein recognition and consequently protein activity inhibition. This is especially important in those cases in which carbohydrateprotein interactions are detrimental such as viral and bacterial infections, inflammations, and cancer metastasis. The aim of this review is to present the various approaches that have been carried out for the synthesis of multivalent calixarene and calixresorcarene glycosides (calixsugars) displaying different anomeric linkages and carbohydrate-macrocycle tethers. The validation of the biological activity of suitably designed calixsugars as well as of complex molecular systems in which they were introduced will be also reported. The synthesis and biological applications of calixarene glycoconjugates represented a new way of considering * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: adn@unife.it (A.D.); mra@unife.it (A.M.). Alessandro Dondoni has been Professor of Organic Chemistry at the University of Ferrara from 1975 to 2008. At present he is Senior Scientist at the same University. He has been the recipient of several awards, including A. Mangini Gold Medal from the Italian Chemical Society (1996), Avogadro-Minakata Lectureship Award of the Chemical Society of Japan (1999), Ziegler-Natta Lectureship Award of the German Chemical Society (1999), Lincei National Academy Prize in Chemistry (1999), and G. Berti Gold Medal from the Italian Chemical Society (2010). His present research interests are in new synthetic methods, organocatalysis, and carbohydrate chemistry. He recently started a new program dealing with the use of free-radical thiol-ene coupling as a click ligation tool for peptide and protein modification. A large part, if not all, of his chemistry is being developed with the aim of providing new products for biochemical studies and pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 4949–4977 4949

Calixarene and calixresorcarene glycosides: their synthesis and biological applications.

Data on the synthetic routes to substituted 1,2,3-triazoles, including those containing functional groups, based on cyclisation of various nitrogen compounds published during the last 15 years are described. Examples of using new triazole derivatives in agrochemistry, medicine and engineering are given.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1070/RC2005v074n04ABEH000893/pdf

1,2,3-Triazole and its derivatives. Development of methods for the formation of the triazole ring

13C NMR spectra of 1‐(α‐aroyloxyarylideneamino)‐1,2,3‐triazoles. Identification of 4,5‐unsymmetrically substituted derivatives

Synthesis and a UV and IR spectral study of some 2‐aryl‐Δ‐2‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoline‐5‐thiones

A comparative study of the interaction of salicylaldehydes with phosphonoacetates under Knoevenagel reaction conditions. Synthesis of 1,2-benzoxaphosphorines and their dimers

Reaction of 3-bromobenzyl and 3-bromoacetyl coumarin with phosphites. Synthesis of some new phosphonates and phosphates in the coumarin series

Diethyl 1,2-benzoxaphosphorine-3-carboxylates 5 undergo a regio- and stereoselective [2+2] photodimerization reaction in methanol solution under the action of sunlight, giving in all cases the corresponding anti head-to-tail dimers 6 and 7. Concerning the stereogenic P atom, the photodimerization is also stereoselective, and the centrosymmetric stereoisomer 6 predominates over the non symmetric P-epimer 7.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/7/5/420/pdf

Nestor A. Rodios

Papers

13C NMR spectra of 1‐(α‐aroyloxyarylideneamino)‐1,2,3‐triazoles. Identification of 4,5‐unsymmetrically substituted derivatives

Synthesis and a UV and IR spectral study of some 2‐aryl‐Δ‐2‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoline‐5‐thiones

A comparative study of the interaction of salicylaldehydes with phosphonoacetates under Knoevenagel reaction conditions. Synthesis of 1,2-benzoxaphosphorines and their dimers

Reaction of 3-bromobenzyl and 3-bromoacetyl coumarin with phosphites. Synthesis of some new phosphonates and phosphates in the coumarin series

Regio- and Stereoselective [2+2] Photodimerization of 3-Substituted 2-Alkoxy-2-oxo-2H-1,2-benzoxaphosphorines