Niels K. Rathlev

TL;DR: A growing body of data suggests that ED crowding is associated both with objective clinical endpoints, such as mortality, as well as clinically important processes of care,such as time to treatment for patients with time-sensitive conditions such as pneumonia.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe emergency care systems and the extent of crowding across 15 countries outside of the United States: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Iran, Italy, The Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, Catalonia (Spain), Sweden, and the United Kingdom.

TL;DR: This article will review how overcrowding occurred with a focus on the significance and potential remedies of extended boarding of admitted patients in the Emergency Department.

TL;DR: Hospital occupancy and the number of ED admissions are associated with daily mean length of stay and autocorrelation exists between the daily meanlength of stay of the current day and the previous day.

TL;DR: Time intervals and patient counts are emerging as the most promising tools for measuring flow and nonflow (i.e., crowding), respectively and standardized definitions of time intervals (flow) and numerical counts (nonflow) will assist with validation of these metrics across multiple sites and clarify which options emerge as the metrics of choice in this "crowded" field of measures.