Nikolaos K. Pavlis

TL;DR: GEM-T3 as discussed by the authors was developed from a combination of satellite tracking, satellite altimeter, and surface gravimetric data to estimate the Earth's gravity field at half wavelengths of 400 km and longer.

TL;DR: The International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITERF) as mentioned in this paper is based on the geocentric reference frame introduced by the Bureau International de l'Heure (BIH) in 1984.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Proudman functions were computed by means of finite differences in spherical coordinates over a 2ox2 o grid covering most of the world's oceans for a total of 8608 degrees of freedom.

TL;DR: An overview of the data being used in the model is provided, the status of the development of the new EGM is described, comparisons of preliminary models with independent truth data are shown, and the plans for finalizing the model are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the relativistic redshift correction applicable to the frequency standards at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Boulder, Colorado, USA, based on a precise GPS survey of three benchmarks on the roof of the building where these standards had been previously housed, and on global and regional geoid models supported by data from the GRACE and GOCE missions, including EGM2008, USGG2009, and USGG2012, was evaluated.