Showing papers by "Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka published in 2013"

Dietary intake of nutrients with adequate intake values in the dietary reference intakes for Japanese.

Abstract: The Adequate Intake (AI) values in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (DRIs-J) 2010 were mainly determined based on the median intakes from 2 y of pooled data (2005-2006) from the National Health and Nutrition Survey-Japan (NHNS-J) However, it remains unclear whether 2 y of pooled data from the NHNS-J are appropriate for evaluating the intake of the population To clarify the differences in nutrient intakes determined from 2 and 7 y of pooled data, we analyzed selected nutrient intake levels by sex and age groups using NHNS-J data Intake data were obtained from 64,624 individuals (age: ≥1 y; 474% men) who completed a semi-weighed 1-d household dietary record that was part of the NHNS-J conducted annually in Japan from 2003 to 2009 There were no large differences between the median intakes calculated from 2 or 7 y of pooled data for n-6 or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin D, pantothenic acid, potassium, or phosphorus When the AI values and median intakes were compared, there was no large difference in the values for n-6 or n-3 PUFAs, pantothenic acid, or phosphorus Conversely, the AI values for vitamin D and potassium differed from the median intakes of these nutrients for specific sex and age groups, because values were not based on NHNS-J data Our results indicate that 2 y of pooled data from the NHNS-J adequately reflect the population's intake, and that the current system for determination of AI values will be applicable for future revisions

Validity and reproducibility of a physical activity questionnaire used for health surveying among victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake

Abstract: OBJECTIVES This study was performed to assess the validity and reproducibility of a questionnaire on physical activity status used for health surveying among victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake. METHODS Seventy-four residents (21 men and 53 women) living in temporary housing in Kamaishi City, Iwate Prefecture, participated in this study. The physical activity status questionnaire was composed of 4 questions regarding the frequency of performing domestic and occupational physical activities, the frequency of leaving their residence, walking duration per day, and sedentary time. The physical activity level for 2 weeks was measured using a tri-accelerometer to validate the responses to the questionnaire. Test-retest reproducibility was examined at 2-week intervals. RESULTS The physical activity levels were 4,521 +/- 2,266 steps/day for men and 4,533 +/- 2,070 steps/day for women. There was a significant difference in step count between those responding differently to the 3 options in the questionnaire regarding average walking duration per day: those who reported walking for > or = 60 min, 30-60 min, or < or = 30 min had step counts of 5,343 +/- 1,757, 4,760 +/- 1,752, and 3,063 +/- 1,772 steps/day, respectively (P < 0.05). When the response options for 3 questions (excluding those for sedentary time) were given scores (a higher score for a higher physical activity level), there were significant correlations between question score and step count (r = 0.486, P < 0.05) and the amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity (r = 0.342, P < 0.05). The test-retest trial showed a moderate degree of reproducibility, with weighted K coefficients of 0.41-0.65. CONCLUSION Three questions on physical activity levels may allow assessment of an individual's physical activity level, with a moderate degree of reproducibility.

Evaluation of the prevalence of iodine intakes above the tolerable upper intake level from four 3-day dietary records in a Japanese population.

Abstract: The Japanese population routinely consumes iodine-rich seaweed, thereby probably making Japan the nation with the highest iodine intake worldwide. The present study aimed to estimate the duration of dietary records (DRs) needed to calculate the usual iodine intake and to ascertain the frequency of iodine intakes above the tolerable upper intake level (UL) in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese. Four 3-d DRs for the 4 seasons within a year were collected for 55 men and 58 women. On the basis of analysis of variance, the total variance in iodine intake was classified into inter-individual and intra-individual components. The frequency of appearance for high iodine intakes was estimated. The most commonly consumed types of iodine-containing food items were seaweed, milk and milk products, fish and shellfish, and tofu. The percentage contribution of intra-individual variance was markedly greater than that of inter-individual variance, and the excessive iodine intake was intermittent rather than continuous. The duration for which dietary records were required to assess the usual intake of iodine within 10% of their true mean was 6,276 d for men and 4,953 d for women. The period that transpired until a value was exceeded once was 6.3 d/occurrence for values above UL (2,200 μg), 8.5 d/occurrence for values above 3,000 μg, 9.8 d/occurrence for values above 4,000 μg, 11.2 d/occurrence for values above 5,000 μg, and 16.7 d/occurrence for values above 10,000 μg. To avoid errors in interpretation, it is inappropriate to assess the habitual nutrient intake of a nutrient that is intermittently consumed at maximal levels. It is important to assess the iodine intake in consideration of the range of the nutrient intake and of the time period in which the upper limit is exceeded.

Distribution of vitamin E intake among Japanese dietary supplement and fortified food users: a secondary analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2003-2009.

Abstract: This study was performed to: (1) assess the prevalence of dietary supplement and fortified food use, (2) examine the differences in vitamin E intake with and without dietary supplementation and/or fortified food use, and (3) determine whether some individuals consume vitamin E above the tolerable upper intake level (UL). Data were obtained from 64,624 individuals (age, ≥1 y; 47.4% males) who completed a 1-d household dietary assessment that was part of the National Health and Nutrition Survey conducted in Japan, 2003-2009. The survey also obtained information on the brand or generic name of each dietary supplement or fortified food reported, including their ingredients, through dietary assessment. The prevalence of a potential risk of excess was estimated by the proportion of persons above the age-/sex-specific ULs provided by the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2010. Supplement use was reported by 5.8% of men and 7.7% of women, whereas fortified food consumption was reported by only 2.9% of men and 3.6% of women. Use of dietary supplements was most common among older women, whereas use of fortified foods was most common among younger women. Both dietary supplement and fortified food use accounted for maximum vitamin E intake; however, the use of dietary supplements and fortified foods had little effect on the median and 95th percentile intake values. None of the subjects consumed nutrients above the UL. The collected data confirm that the use of both dietary supplements and fortified foods contributes a small amount to nutrient intake in Japanese subjects.

Systematic classification of evidence for dietary reference intakes for Japanese 2010 (DRIs-J 2010) in adults and future prospects of DRIs in Asian countries

Abstract: In Asia, the concept of dietary reference values is shifting from recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) to dietary reference intakes (DRIs). To assist Asian countries that are planning to develop or revise their own DRIs, this study summarizes the scientific literature used in the development of the latest DRIs for the Japanese (DRIs-J 2010): it aims to clarify critical issues on- and discuss future prospects for DRIs in Asia. The criteria and studies used to determine reference values in DRIs-J 2010 in adults were extracted from the DRIs-J 2010 report, systematically classified, and summarized for each nutrient in tables according to the type of DRIs. The classification categories were as follows: criteria, subject ethnicity, year of publication, type of study and study design, number of subjects, and study content. In all, 184 studies were extracted and some issues in DRIs-J 2010 were clarified: 1) some nutrients were lacking in studies based on native populations; 2) only a few and relatively old studies determined tolerable upper intake levels for some nutrients; 3) with the same DRIs, there were inconsistencies among the nutrients in the study criteria. These were considered common issues when determining DRIs in other Asian countries. When establishing DRIs, these issues should be considered, in addition to population health status and country-specific needs.