Nora Maria Raschle

TL;DR: Voxel-based morphometry revealed significantly reduced gray matter volume indices for pre-reading children with, compared to children without, a family-history of developmental dyslexia in left occipitotemporal regions, left fusiform gyrus and right lingual gyrus, which suggests that previously described functional and structural alterations in developmental Dyslexia may not be due to experience-dependent brain changes but may be present at birth or develop in early childhood prior to reading onset.

TL;DR: Pediatric imaging and analysis tools and protocols are summarized and reviewed and neuroimaging protocols for young nonsedated children and infants are presented, including guidelines and procedures that have been successfully implemented in research protocols across several research sites.

TL;DR: Differences in neural correlates of phonological processing in individuals with DD are not a result of reading failure, but are present before literacy acquisition starts, suggesting that compensatory mechanisms for reading failure are not yet present.

TL;DR: A pediatric neuroimaging protocol with guidelines and procedures that have proven to be successful to date in young children is presented with the possibility of avoiding sedation or general anesthesia as a way to manage children's compliance during MR imaging sessions.

TL;DR: The results provide further support for atypical early brain development in DD and suggest that DD may originate from altered organization or connections of cortical areas in the left posterior regions.