The term photonic crystals appears because of the analogy between electron waves in crystals and the light waves in artificial periodic dielectric structures. During the recent years the investigation of one-, two-and three-dimensional periodic structures has attracted a widespread attention of the world optics community because of great potentiality of such structures in advanced applied optical fields. The interest in periodic structures has been stimulated by the fast development of semiconductor technology that now allows the fabrication of artificial structures, whose period is comparable with the wavelength of light in the visible and infrared ranges.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/6354/16969/00781867.pdf

Photonic crystals

Electromagnetic Metamaterials: Transmission Line Theory and Microwave Applications. By Christophe Caloz and Tatsuo Itoh.

Space-Time Block Coding for Wireless Communications

In general, Micropower Impulse Radar (MIR) depends on Ultra-Wideband (UWB) transmission systems. UWB technology can supply innovative new systems and products that have an obvious value for radar and communications uses. Important applications include bridge-deck inspection systems, ground penetrating radar, mine detection, and precise distance resolution for such things as liquid level measurement. Most of these UWB inspection and measurement methods have some unique qualities, which need to be pursued. Therefore, in considering changes to Part 15 the FCC needs to take into account the unique features of UWB technology. MIR is applicable to two general types of UWB systems: radar systems and communications systems. Currently LLNL and its licensees are focusing on radar or radar type systems. LLNL is evaluating MIR for specialized communication systems. MIR is a relatively low power technology. Therefore, MIR systems seem to have a low potential for causing harmful interference to other users of the spectrum since the transmitted signal is spread over a wide bandwidth, which results in a relatively low spectral power density.

/pdf/response-to-fcc-98-208-notice-of-inquiry-in-the-matter-of-3attixctl7.pdf

Response to FCC 98-208 notice of inquiry in the matter of revision of part 15 of the commission's rules regarding ultra-wideband transmission systems

We present a flexible, compact antenna system intended for telemedicine applications. The design is based on an M-shaped printed monopole antenna operating in the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) 2.45 GHz band integrated with a miniaturized slotted Jerusalem Cross (JC) Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) ground plane. The AMC ground plane is utilized to isolate the user's body from undesired electromagnetic radiation in addition to minimizing the antenna's impedance mismatch caused by the proximity to human tissues. Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is analyzed using a numerical human body model (HUGO) to assess the feasibility of the proposed design. The antenna expresses 18% impedance bandwidth; moreover, the inclusion of the AMC ground plane increases the front to back ratio by 8 dB, provides 3.7 dB increase in gain, in addition to 64% reduction in SAR. Experimental and numerical results show that the radiation characteristics, impedance matching, and SAR values of the proposed design are significantly improved compared to conventional monopole and dipole antennas. Furthermore, it offers a compact and flexible solution which makes it a good candidate for the wearable telemedicine application.

Flexible and Compact AMC Based Antenna for Telemedicine Applications

Macro diversity handover (MDHO) is the process by which the mobile station (MS) communicates with two or more access stations. The list of the access stations is called a diversity set. In this paper, we investigate the performance of an enhanced MDHO technique for TDD-OFDMA-based interference-limited multi-hop relay cellular networks. The enhanced MDHO exploits all the data signals transmitted by the diversity set members of the MS. The performance evaluation is carried out using a system-level simulation. Simulation results show that the enhanced MDHO is more spectrally efficient than conventional MDHO, fast access station switching (FASS) and hard handover (HHO) techniques.

Performance evaluation of macro diversity handover technique for multi-hop relay cellular networks

A compact electrically small multiband rectangular shape microstrip patch antenna is designed and analyzed in this paper. The antenna designed with 13 × 10 mm2 radiating copper patch on Aluminium oxide high dielectric ceramic material substrate with ground plane for three different frequency application which is smaller in size compared to other available multiband antennas. The proposed antenna is designed and analyzed by using finite element method 3-D full wave electromagnetic high frequency structure simulator. From the result it is observed that, in 4.7 GHz, 9.05 GHz and 13.2 GHz resonance frequency the impedance bandwidth (VSWR ≤ 2) below −10 dB return loss obtained are 400 MHz, 200 MHz, 800 Mhz and achieved gain are 2.53 dBi, 6.72 dBi, 1.95 dBi respectively.

Design of a compact multiband antenna on Al 2 O 3 ceramic material substrate

ABSTARCT A simple solar cell integrated with a triangular loop shape element of reflects array antenna is presented in this paper. The triangular loop shape element is varied in size to get the required phase range and bandwidth. A wide bandwidth range over 15% has been achieved. Furthermore, a 3 x 3 element reflect array is then formed with 20° scattering angle. A prototype of the solar reflects array cell was fabricated and measured. The measured results show good agreement with simulation. The element is designed to be operated at Ku-band frequency and formed a solar reflect array antenna used for terrestrial applications.

A wide bandwidth element of solar reflect array antenna with scanning ability

The development of an innovative supervision system: E-mentor mentee system in JKEES

Sexual harassment is a sexually oriented act committed against another person either verbally, non-verbally, physically, or emotionally. Sexual harassment can occur to female teenagers whether they are inside or outside home. This quantitative study used questionnaires that were analysed using SPSS 2.0. The objective of the study is to explore the extent of domestic sexual harassment risk on female teenagers while they are at home. A total of 84 girls from the age of nine to fifteen in Selangor participated in this study where they have received consent from their parents and guardians to participate in this study. This study found that 7.14% of the participants admitted that they like to wear sexy clothes at home and had watched pornographic videos with close family members such as father, brother, uncle, and grandfather. The findings revealed that they had experienced sexual harassment by their family members if they do not maintain the Islamic manners in addition to being excessively exposed to the unlimited information technology facility. The findings also showed that there are unsafe elements towards female teenagers at home if the family well-being mechanism is not properly and well maintained. The implications of this study suggested a development of a mobile application to identify the initial signs of sexual harassment towards female teenagers. 
ABSTRAK 
Gangguan seksual merupakan perlakuan berbaur seks yang dilakukan terhadap individu lain sama ada berbentuk lisan, bukan lisan, fizikal atau emosi. Gangguan seksual boleh berlaku kepada remaja perempuan ketika mereka berada di dalam atau di luar rumah. Metodologi kajian menggunakan kaedah tinjauan yang melibatkan kajian kuantitatif dan dianalisis menggunakan perisian statistik SPSS 2.0. Objektif kajian adalah untuk meneroka sejauh mana risiko gangguan seksual berlaku kepada remaja perempuan sewaktu di dalam rumah.  Seramai 84 orang remaja perempuan yang berusia sembilan hingga 15 tahun di negeri Selangor telah mendapat kebenaran daripada ibu bapa dan penjaga masing-masing untuk menjadi peserta kajian. Kajian mendapati seramai 7.14% remaja perempuan mengakui suka berpakaian seksi di rumah dan pernah menonton video pornografi bersama ahli keluarga terdekat seperti bapa, abang, bapa saudara serta datuk. Dapatan juga menunjukkan mereka mengalami gangguan seksual dalam kalangan ahli keluarga sekiranya mereka tidak menjaga adab-adab Islam disamping banyak terdedah dengan kemudahan teknologi maklumat yang tiada batasan. Dapatan juga menunjukkan wujudnya elemen yang tidak selamat kepada anak-anak remaja perempuan yang berada dalam rumah sekiranya mekanisme kesejahteraan keluarga tidak dipelihara dengan baik dan betul. Implikasi kajian ini mencadangkan pembangunan sebuah aplikasi mudah alih bagi mengenalpasti tanda-tanda awal gangguan seksual yang berlaku kepada remaja perempuan.

/pdf/risiko-gangguan-seksual-di-dalam-rumah-kepada-remaja-the-2ld4123eob.pdf

Norbahiah Misran

Papers

Performance evaluation of macro diversity handover technique for multi-hop relay cellular networks

Design of a compact multiband antenna on Al 2 O 3 ceramic material substrate

A wide bandwidth element of solar reflect array antenna with scanning ability

The development of an innovative supervision system: E-mentor mentee system in JKEES

Risiko Gangguan Seksual di dalam Rumah kepada Remaja: The Risk of Sexual Harassment in House to Teenagers