Evolution of Protein Molecules

© 2015 PLOS ONE.According to World Health Organization statistics of 2011, infectious diseases remain in the top five causes of mortality worldwide. However, despite sophisticated research tools for microbial detection, rapid and accurate molecular diagnos

Use of 16S rRNA gene for identification of a broad range of clinically relevant bacterial pathogens - eScholarship

Aim: This was carried out to characterize Pseudomonas species isolated from the West African Mud Creeper (Tympanotonus fuscatus) molecularly and as well detect the possible presence of inducible AmpC gene that mediates resistance to cephalosporins and most penicillins. Sample: Tympanotonus fuscatus (West African Mud Creeper), a gastropod mollusc found in brackish waters of West Africa was used for the study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out between February and August 2019 at the Department of Microbiology, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Methodology: Thirty two (32) Pseudomonas species were isolated and identified culturally from T. fuscatus. Pseudomonas species isolates were subjected to a group of ten (10) antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and resistant isolates were screened molecularly for the presence of resistance gene (AmpC). AmpC screening was carried out in a step wise process of DNA extraction, quantification, amplification of ampC gene using appropriate primer and Agarose Original Research Article Sampson et al.; JAMB, 20(6): 37-45, 2020; Article no.JAMB.57932 38 gel electrophoresis to reveal which DNA extracts had ampC genes amplified. The two most resistant isolates had their 16S rRNA sequenced, identified and were also profiled for plasmids by extracting plasmid DNA. Results: Results revealed that 96.67% of isolates had MAR index greater than 0.2 indicating high a risk source of contamination where antibiotics are often used. Results also showed the presence of ampC gene in seven (7) out of the twelve (12) isolates screened for ampC gene. Molecular characterization via sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of the two (2) most resistant isolates confirmed that both isolates were strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Profiling of plasmids also revealed the presence of plasmid DNA of about 10 kilo base pairs in both isolates profiled. Conclusion: This study has revealed the resistance ability of Pseudomonas and some reasons behind this resistance. Appropriate investigation into antimicrobial resistance is recommended for the administration of drugs for the treatment of food-mediated Pseudomonas infections.

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Molecular Characterization and Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Pseudomonas Species Isolated from Tympanotonus fuscatus

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Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in cases of preterm labour and its effects on obstetric outcome

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Incidence of Candidiasis Amongst Female Students of A Tertiary Institution in Rivers State Nigeria

The microbiome of the vagina is characterized by a community bacteria playing important roles in the overall health status of the female genital tract. This study was conducted to isolate and characterize bacteria from the female genital tract and as well evaluate the antibiotics susceptibility pattern of the vaginal bacterial isolates. For this purpose, a total of fifty (50) vaginal swab samples were collected (using sterile swab sticks) from females attending a tertiary institution in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, and subjected to standard bacteriological analysis. Antibiotics sensitivity analysis was carried out using the modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. A total of 160 bacterial isolates were obtained from the subjects of different age brackets in the study population. Molecular identification based on the nucleic acid sequence of the bacterial isolates revealed the isolates to be Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus flexus and Lysinibacillus macrolides. The result further showed that Escherichia coli was the most occurring bacterial isolate. Also, female subjects within the age bracket 21-23 years recorded the highest number of bacterial isolates (67) and 24-26 years had the least number of bacterial isolates (36). The antibiotic sensitivity analysis revealed that Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to 50% of the antibiotics tested, whereas Klebsiella Original Research Article Sampson et al.; IJPR, 7(1): 17-27, 2021; Article no.IJPR.69130 18 pneumoniae was resistant to all (100% of) the antibiotics tested. The study has revealed that the vaginal microbiome of healthy female subjects is characterised by diverse species of bacteria, including opportunistic bacterial pathogens. The study therefore, recommended that regular screening for bacterial vaginosis as well as personal hygiene, sensitization programs to improve knowledge of women, should be encouraged.

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O. Aniwoko

Papers

Molecular Characterisation and Antibiogram of Vaginal Flora from Students Attending a Tertiary Institution in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria