Aims To assess the prevalence of degenerative bone changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of older adults using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and to verify possible associations between these findings and patient health history. Methods CBCT scans comprising both TMJs were acquired for 137 patients aged 65+, regardless of TMD status. Images were assessed by two oral radiologists and evaluated for the presence of flattening, erosion, sclerosis, subchondral cysts, and osteophytes in the TMJ bony components, and self-reported patient systemic health histories were retrieved from records. Results There were 59 males, and the mean age was 73.35 ± 6.28. A total of 31.4% had bone changes in both TMJs, and 65.7% had bone changes in at least one side. Bone changes were more prevalent in females, with subchondral cysts (63.3%) and osteophytes (60%) the most common findings. There was a higher prevalence of osteoporosis/osteopenia (38.5%) and connective tissue disorders (39.8%) in patients with TMJ bone changes than in those with normal TMJs. Conclusion Degenerative bone changes of TMJ were prevalent among older adults, and females were more affected. There was a greater prevalence of osteoporosis/osteopenia and connective tissue disorders in patients with TMJ bone changes than in subjects with normal TMJs.

Bone changes in the temporomandibular joints of older adults: A cone-beam computed tomography study.

The etiology of alterations of the temporomandibular joint, such as ankylosis and bifid condyle, comprises several causes including trauma. However, otological infections cannot be overlooked as a probable cause of alterations of the temporomandibular joint, because the proximity between the external auditory canal and the temporomandibular joint facilitates the spread of infection in the region. This article presents a case-report of a patient with bifid condyle of the temporomandibular joint, in which the patient had no history of facial trauma, but had suffered recurrent otitis infections during her childhood. In parallel, a second case-report is described of temporomandibular joint ankylosis in a 12-year-old patient with a history of facial trauma during her childhood. The purpose of this study was to highlight and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders to avoid the development of facial asymmetries, restore function, esthetics, and the psychological state of the patient.

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Temporomandibular joint alterations: two clinical case-reports of bifid condyle and temporomandibular joint ankylosis

The aim of this article was to conduct a review on Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), highlighting the impairment of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and the orofacial consequences of this pathology, including its possible relationship with signs and symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs), as well as the indicated therapeutic approaches. A search for articles was carried out in the “Pubmed” and “SciELO” databases from November 2018 to January 2019 using the following descriptors: «temporomandibular joint (TMJ) AND arthritis», «Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) AND treatment AND JIA »and« orofacial AND manifestations AND JIA »and their respective in Portuguese. Inclusion criteria were articles describing JIA in the TMJ, with an emphasis on diagnosis, consequences and treatment. The exclusion criteria were given by bibliographic relevance, articles with publications prior to 2012 and articles without full access to the content. Hundred complete articles were obtained, of which 21 were used as an appropriate scientific basis, after analysis and selection and obeying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A book was considered relevant to the research. JIA constantly affects the temporomandibular joints causing various types of orofacial changes and dysfunctions in that joint. Early diagnosis is difficult, but of paramount importance, as it aims to minimize future complications, both at the occlusal level, as well as interfering with the normal growth of the mandible. The differential and early diagnosis between TMD and JIA is extremely important, as it will serve as a basis for choosing the most appropriate treatment for these patients.

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Relação entre artrite idiopática juvenil e disfunção temporomandibular: uma revisão de literatura

Dental School’s graduates must be prepared to respond to the demands of society in all segments, being able to incorporate new technologies into their clinical practice. Teacher-student interactions influence the choices of the professional future. The aim of this study was to evaluate the opinion of dentists teaching dentistry on digital radiographic images and their preference among images printed on radiographic film, photographic paper or visualized on the computer screen. The 16 professors of a Dental School who have Dentistry degree evaluated four interproximal radiographs, three periapical, one panoramic and one digital lateral teleradiography visualized on the computer screen, printed on radiographic film and on photographic paper. Afterward, they answered a questionnaire containing open questions about the subject. It was found that 38% of teachers preferred to evaluate the images on the computer screen, another 38% preferred the images printed on X-ray film and one teacher preferred the image printed on photographic paper. One teacher reported no difference between the computer screen and radiographic film. Only one teacher reported that there was no difference between viewing on the computer screen and on photographic paper. Thirteen (81%) are used for evaluating digital images, while three (19%) are not. Of the sixteen teachers, eight (50%) cited the advantages of digital images as sharpness, 2 (12%) cited the possibility of magnification and 6 (38%) cited different advantages, such as greater chance of correctness, ease of manipulation, Possibility of contrast, dispensing of light box and richness of details. It was possible to conclude that the teachers of the study had a divided preference between the computer screen and x-ray film, use digital images in clinical practice, did not have this subject at graduation and believe that it should be taught.

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Preferências dos docentes de um curso de Odontologia quanto à forma de visualização de radiografias digitais

La formation du visage et du systeme stomatognathique est de nature complexe et implique le developpement de multiples processus...

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Hypoplasie condylienne: cas clinique

The temporomandibular joint is one of the most complex of the human body and the condylar process is responsible for the expression of mandibular growth. The condylar hypoplasia is characterized by a defective formation of the condylar process. The acute otitis media is an inflammatory process, triggered from infections of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and, nasopharynx, propagated through the Eustachian tube. In the presented case, the patient had facial asymmetry since the first year of life, and recurring cases of otitis just in the early stages of closing the temporal tympanic suture and in the foramen of Huschke, which would facilitate the dissemination of this ear infection which would undermine the development of condyle resulting in hypoplasia identified, only in the right side. Thus, professionals who work in temporomandibular joint and ear regions must have knowledge of the existence and clinical implications of the foramen of Huschke for early diagnosis and prevent the development of facial asymmetry where this association presents with clinical signs of infection of the affected areas, restoring function, aesthetic and, psychological state of the patient.

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Hipoplasia condilar de provável origem otológica

A tomografia computadorizada desempenha um papel importante no diagnostico de anomalias e condicoes patologicas da ATM, permitindo a visualizacao completa da regiao articular, fornecendo um diagnostico mais preciso. Para avaliacao das imagens tomograficas e necessario que o profissional tenha o conhecimento da anatomia seccional da regiao articular, para que o mesmo reconheca as alteracoes estruturais. Assim, foi exposto e descrito neste trabalho as caracteristicas tomograficas de normalidade, alteracoes morfologicas e condicoes patologicas mais encontradas na regiao da articulacao temporomandibular. Sendo a tomografia computadorizada um exame de imagem superior aos metodos convencionais de imagem para ATM, pois permite uma visualizacao tridimensional adequada e apurada de todos os detalhes osseos sem a limitacao das sobreposicoes, fornecendo o tamanho e formato real das estruturas anatomicas, alteracoes morfologicas e condicoes patologicas.

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Utilização da tomografia computadorizada para o diagnóstico da articulação temporomandibular

A Odontologia esta se desenvolvendo e se modernizando. Os rapidos avancos em tecnologia digital causaram impacto significante na Odontologia, com a introducao da radiografia digital. O proposito deste trabalho consiste em apresentar por meio de um estudo sobre a aplicacao da radiologia digital na Odontopediatria, suas vantagens e desvantagens, sensores de captacao de imagem, alem de relacionar o potencial de diagnostico desta com condicoes patologicas observadas na clinica, elucidando sua ampla utilizacao no paciente infantil. Pode-se concluir que a radiografia digital e sem duvida uma ferramenta de grande valia no diagnostico odontologico. O uso de pequenas doses de radiacao para obtencao de imagens com valor diagnostico e um dos maiores fatores para o emprego da radiologia digital, principalmente na Odontopediatria. D ESCRITORES - Radiografia digital, Odontopediatria, Diagnostico por imagem

Aplicação da radiografia digital na odontopediatria

O objetivo do trabalho foi de verificar se a quantidade de fluor, em partes por milhao (ppm), retirados de dados oficiais mensais da Companhia de Saneamento de Minas Gerais (COPASA) e a mesma que chega ate a distribuicao final dos nove distritos sanitarios de Belo Horizonte e verificar se em locais onde a populacao de muito elevado risco, elevado risco, medio risco e baixo risco de adoecer, dos diversos distritos sanitarios recebem a mesma quantidade de fluor, preconizada como ideal, atraves da agua tratada. A metodologia usada foi a indicada pelo manual de coleta da Fundacao Ezequiel Dias (FUNED), onde foram coletadas 12 amostras de agua de dois distritos sanitarios, estas amostras foram enviadas para a FUNED onde foram feitas as analises atraves do metodo de eletrodo seletivo de fluoretos. Os resultados mostraram-se satisfatorios e que os diversos distritos em suas areas de muito elevado risco, elevado risco, medio risco e baixo risco de adoecer recebem a quantidade de fluor preconizada como ideal e este teor nao varia muito entre essas areas. Concluiu-se entao que as amostras analisadas atende a legislacao vigente quanto ao parâmetro analisado.

Medição da concentração de flúor da água fluoretada distribuída nos nove Distritos Sanitários de Belo Horizonte – Uma visão comparativa do teor de flúor medido pela COPASA. Estudo Piloto.

O conhecimento do padrao de crescimento para controlar a erupcao e desenvolvimento da denticao exige dos ortodontistas um acompanhamento constante no intuito de promover a prevencao das maloclusoes. O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar por meio de casos clinicos, a importância do diagnostico e intervencao precoce na ortodontia contemporânea.

Olívia dos Santos Silveira

Papers

Hipoplasia condilar de provável origem otológica

Utilização da tomografia computadorizada para o diagnóstico da articulação temporomandibular

Aplicação da radiografia digital na odontopediatria

Medição da concentração de flúor da água fluoretada distribuída nos nove Distritos Sanitários de Belo Horizonte – Uma visão comparativa do teor de flúor medido pela COPASA. Estudo Piloto.

A Importância do diagnóstico e intervenção precoce no tratamento das maloclusões em odontopediatria