Industrial developments in the oil and gas, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and food sector have contributed to the large production of oily wastewater worldwide. Oily wastewater pollution affects drinking water and groundwater resources, endangers aquatic life and human health, causes atmospheric pollution, and affects crop production. Several traditional and conventional methods were widely reported, and the advantages and limitations were discussed. However, with the technology innovation, new trends of coupling between techniques, use of new materials, optimization of the cleaning process, and multiphysical approach present new paths for improvement. Despite these trends of improvement and the encouraging laboratory results of modern and green methods, many challenges remain to be raised, particularly the commercialization and the global aspect of these solutions and the reliability to reduce the system’s maintenance and operational cost. In this review, the well-known oily wastewater cleaning methods and approaches are being highlighted, and the obstacles faced in the practical use of these technologies are discussed. A critical review on the technologies and future direction as the road to commercialization is also presented to persevere water resources for the benefit of mankind and all living things.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/7/980/pdf

Oily Wastewater Treatment: Overview of Conventional and Modern Methods, Challenges, and Future Opportunities

The presence of heavy metals in water bodies is linked to the increasing number of industries and populations. This has serious consequences for the quality of human health and the environment. In accordance with this issue, water and wastewater treatment technologies including ion exchange, chemical extraction, and hydrolysis should be conducted as a first water purification stage. However, the sequestration of these toxic substances tends to be expensive, especially for large scale treatment methods that require tedious control and have limited efficiency. Therefore, adsorption methods using adsorbents derived from biomass represent a promising alternative due to their great efficiency and abundance. Algal and seaweed biomass has appeared as a sustainable solution for environmentally friendly adsorbent production. This review further discusses recent developments in the use of algal and seaweed biomass as potential sorbent for heavy metal bioremediation. In addition, relevant aspects like metal toxicity, adsorption mechanism, and parameters affecting the completion of adsorption process are also highlighted. Overall, the critical conclusion drawn is that algae and seaweed biomass can be used to sustainably eliminate heavy metals from wastewater.

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The Utilization of Algae and Seaweed Biomass for Bioremediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Wastewater

A critical review in electrocoagulation technology applied for oil removal in industrial wastewater.

A critical review in electrocoagulation technology applied for oil removal in industrial wastewater

Electrocoagulation (EC) is one of the emerging technologies in groundwater and wastewater treatment as it combines the benefits of coagulation, sedimentation, flotation, and electrochemical oxidation processes. Extensive research efforts implementing EC technology have been executed over the last decade to treat chemical oxygen demand (COD)-rich industrial wastewaters with the aim to protect freshwater streams (e.g., rivers, lakes) from pollution. A comprehensive review of the available recent literature utilizing EC to treat wastewater with high COD levels is presented. In addition, recommendations are provided for future studies to improve the EC technology and broaden its range of application. This review paper introduces some technologies which are often adopted for industrial wastewater treatment. Then, the EC process is compared with those techniques as a treatment for COD-rich wastewater. The EC process is considered as the most privileged technology by different research groups owing to its ability to deal with abundant volumes of wastewater. After, the application of EC as a single and combined treatment for COD-rich wastewaters is thoroughly reviewed. Finally, this review attempts to highlight the potentials and limitations of EC. Related to the EC process in batch operation mode, the best operational conditions are found at 10 V and 60 min of voltage and reaction time, respectively. These last values guarantee high COD removal efficiencies of > 90%. This review also concludes that considerably large operation costs of the EC process appears to be the serious drawback and renders it as an unfeasible approach for handling of COD rich wastewaters. In the end, this review has attempted to highlights the potential and limitation of EC and suggests that vast notably research in the field of continuous flow EC system is essential to introduce this technology as a convincing wastewater technology.

A critical review of state-of-the-art electrocoagulation technique applied to COD-rich industrial wastewaters.

Electrochemical technologies have proven to be plausible technology for the treatment of oily wastewater. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of electrocoagulation (EC) process with and without aeration for the treatment of oily wastewater. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to analyze the sludge and the electrodes. The maximum removal of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was higher with the aerated cells (93.3 %) than with the non-aerated cells (84 %) at 120 A m−2 current density but at the expense of higher specific energy consumption. Electrophoresis and electrodeposition of oil were observed on both electrodes, with higher intensity on the anodes. The sludge of the aerated cell was of a gel-like structure compared to the foamy and grainy sludge obtained from the non-aerated cell. Anodes in the EC aerated cells were consumed more “homogeneously”, having more depositions of oil on their surfaces. Aeration helped to improve the performance of the process, highlighting the great potential of electrocoagulation processes for the treatment of oily wastewater.

Performance tests and removal mechanisms of aerated electrocoagulation in the treatment of oily wastewater

Ozonation-assisted electro-membrane hybrid reactor for oily wastewater treatment: A methodological approach and synergy effects

Modifying absorption process configurations to improve their performance for Post-Combustion CO2 capture – What have we learned and what is still Missing?

Omar Khalifa

Papers

Performance tests and removal mechanisms of aerated electrocoagulation in the treatment of oily wastewater

Ozonation-assisted electro-membrane hybrid reactor for oily wastewater treatment: A methodological approach and synergy effects

Modifying absorption process configurations to improve their performance for Post-Combustion CO2 capture – What have we learned and what is still Missing?

Sustainability Criteria as a Game Changer in the Search for Hybrid Solvents for CO2 and H2S Removal

Effect of intercropping and biochar application on cadmium removal capacity by corchorus olitorius and zea mays