The unsaponifiables from 19 vegetable oils were divided into a sterol and three other fractions by thin-layer chromatography. All except olive and palm kernel oils gave the sterol fraction in a large quantity. Compositions of the sterol fractions were determined by gas liquid chromatography. Identification of each sterol was carried out by gas liquid chromatography and combined gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry. Campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were present in all oils, and a minor amount of cholesterol in majority of the oils. Brassicasterol occurrence was widespread but its content was extremely small in oils other than rapeseed oil. Other sterols, presumably δ7-stigmastenol and δ5- and δ7-avenasterol were detected in most of the oils.

Sterol composition of 19 vegetable oils

Occurrence and Characteristics of Oils and Fats

Influence of processing on sterols of edible vegetable oils.

Effect of plant sterol esters on the absorption of dietary cholesterol.

Brassica napus L.

Triterpene alcohols and sterols were separated by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography from the unsaponifiable fractions of the following 18 vegetable oils: linseed, peanut, olive, rice bran, palm kernel, corn, sesame, oiticica, palm, coconut, rapeseed, grape seed, sunflower, poppy seed, castor, tea seed, cocoa butter and soybean. Two triterpene alcohols, cycloartenol and 24-methylene cycloartanol, were found in all of the oils except soybean oil, which contained only cycloartenol. Triterpene alcohols such as α- and β-amyrin, euphorbol, butyrospermol and cyclolaudenol also were encountered occasionally. Three sterols, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol were present in all of the oils. In addition a fourth sterol, not yet idenfified, was found in oils of palm, palm kernel and sunflower in varying amounts. This unknown sterol and brassicasterol were found in rapeseed oil in addition to the three sterols that were common to all of the oils studied.

Triterpene alcohols and sterols of vegetable oils

Isolation of geranyl geraniol from the unsaponifiable fraction of linseed oil

In der Sterin-Fraktion des Leinoles konnten Vff. neben β-Sitosterin die Anwesenheit von Stigmasterin bestatigen. Es gelang ihnen, letzteres rein darzustellen und auch Camposterin zu identifizieren.



The Composition of Sterol-Fraction of the Unsaponifiables from Linseed Oil Apart from β-sitosterol the authors could confirm the presence of stigmasterol in the sterol fraction of linseed oil. They succeeded in preparing the latter in pure state and have identified camposterol as well.

Zusammensetzung der Sterin-Fraktion des Unverseifbaren aus Leinöl†

Aus dem fur den sog. Reversionsgeruch von gehartetem Walol verantwortlichen Substanzgemisch konnten 6 homologe Gruppen identifiziert werden: normale gesattigte Aldehyde (vollstandige Reihe von C3 bis C12); normale ungesattigte Aldehyde (C3 bis C10); normale gesattigte Sauren (C2 bis C9); normale gesattigte Alkohole (C3 bis C11); Ester von normalen gesattigten Alkoholen (C2 bis C9) mit Sauren, von denen Essigsaure und Acrylsaure bestimmt werden konnten.



Identification of Components Responsible for Flavour Reversion of Hardened Whale Oil



From the mixture of substances responsible for the so called flavour reversion of hardened whale oil 6 homologous groups could be identified: normal saturated aldehydes (complete series of C3 to C12); normal unsaturated aldehydes (C3 to C10); normal saturated acids (C2 to C9); normal saturated alcohols (C3 to C11); esters of normal saturated alcohols (C2 to C9) with acids from which acetic acid and acrylic acid could be determined.

P. Capella

Papers

Triterpene alcohols and sterols of vegetable oils

Isolation of geranyl geraniol from the unsaponifiable fraction of linseed oil

Zusammensetzung der Sterin-Fraktion des Unverseifbaren aus Leinöl†

Identifizierung der für den Reversionsgeruch von gehärtetem Walöl verantwortlichen Bestandteile