Paolo Tamburrano

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of mechanical, electrochemical and hydrogen technologies, explaining operation principles, performing technical and economic features, and presenting a schematic comparison among the potential utilizations of energy storage systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of cavitation on the performance of a hydraulic, proportional, directly-operated, directional valve by means of thorough experimental and numerical investigations are evaluated, and a full-dimensional mixture model of the flow field within the valve is developed to accurately predict cavitation within the flow path for several spool positions.

TL;DR: The laminar flame speed plays an important role in spark-ignition engines, as well as in many other combustion applications, such as in designing burners and predicting explosions as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed an effective methodology for the fluid-dynamic design optimization of the sliding spool of a hydraulic proportional directional valve, where the goal is to minimize the flow force at a prescribed flow rate, so as to reduce the required opening force while keeping the operation features unchanged.

TL;DR: In this paper, a sliding spool design for a four way three position direct-operated proportional directional valve is proposed to reduce the flow forces acting on the spool and hence the actuation forces.