A review on machinery diagnostics and prognostics implementing condition-based maintenance

to be done in this area. Face recognition is a problem that scarcely clamoured for attention before the computer age but, having surfaced, has involved a wide range of techniques and has attracted the attention of some fine minds (David Mumford was a Fields Medallist in 1974). This singular application of mathematical modelling to a messy applied problem of obvious utility and importance but with no unique solution is a pretty one to share with students: perhaps, returning to the source of our opening quotation, we may invert Duncan's earlier observation, 'There is an art to find the mind's construction in the face!'.

Linear and nonlinear waves, by G. B. Whitham. Pp.636. £50. 1999. ISBN 0 471 35942 4 (Wiley).

Information Theory and Reliable Communication

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Statistical Parametric Mapping The Analysis Of Functional Brain Images

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Methods Of Modern Mathematical Physics

The Heisenberg uncertainty principle is used for understanding time-frequency distributions (TFDs) or density functions. The relationship between the uncertainty principle and proper TFDs is explored. Specifically, the authors address negative values in a TFD, the interpretation of TFDs as energy density functions, and local time-frequency resolution. This is done in light of having previously devised a method for constructing proper distributions. >

Proper time-frequency energy distributions and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of localized cooling and cooling rate on pressure-induced ischemia for people with and without neurological deficits.DesignA 2 × 3 mixed factorial design with two groups: (1) people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and (2) people without neurological deficits (control), and three test conditions: (1) pressure only, (2) pressure with fast cooling (−4°C/min), and (3) pressure with slow cooling (−0.33°C/min).SettingUniversity laboratory.ParticipantsFourteen controls and 14 individuals with SCI.InterventionsPressure on the sacrum was 0.4 kPa for 5 minutes, then 8 kPa for 20 minutes, and finally 0.4 kPa for 15 minutes. Fast and slow cooling to 25°C applied during 8 kPa of pressure.Outcome measuresReactive hyperemia and its spectral densities in the metabolic, neurogenic, and myogenic frequency ranges.ResultsIn controls, reactive hyperemia was greater in pressure only as compared with both cooling conditions. No change was noted in all spectral densities in both cooling ...

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Effectiveness of local cooling for enhancing tissue ischemia tolerance in people with spinal cord injury

We propose a time-frequency based pattern classification method which utilizes the joint moments of time-frequency distributions (TFDs) for features The method is applied to a biomedical data set, and compared to a template matching scheme and to methods utilizing only temporal moments or spectral moments Our results show that a classification algorithm which utilizes joint time-frequency information, as quantified by the joint moments of the TFD, can potentially improve performance over time or frequency-based methods alone, for classification of nonstationary time series

Time-frequency-based classification

The invention is directed to a method for simulating and demonstrating the gas exchange during ventilation wherein the breathing gas is influenced with respect to its constituents by changing the portion of at least one breathing gas component metered to the carrier gas. The method permits simulation of physiological functions occurring during anesthesia such as the uptake and release of anesthetic agents. For this purpose, an anesthetic agent is admixed to the breathing gas and this anesthetic gas mixture is conducted through a reservoir filled with organic oil to simulate the anesthetic agent uptake and release by the human or animal body.

Method for simulating and demonstrating the gas exchange during mandatory or assisted ventilation and apparatus therefor

We present an improvement of the least-squares method of Sang et al. (see Proc. IEEE-SP Int. Symp. Time-Freq./Time-Scale Anal., p.165-8, 1996) for constructing nonnegative joint time-frequency distributions (TFDs) satisfying the time and frequency marginals (i.e., Cohen-Posch (1985) distributions). The proposed technique is a positivity constrained iterative weighted least-squares (WLS) algorithm used to modify an initial TFD (e.g., any bilinear TFD) to obtain a Cohen-Posch TFD. The new algorithm solves the "leakage" problem of the least-squares approach and is computationaly faster. Examples illustrating the performance of the new algorithm are presented. The results for the WLS method compare favorably with the minimum cross-entropy method previously developed by Loughlin et al. (1992).

Patrick J. Loughlin

Papers

Proper time-frequency energy distributions and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Effectiveness of local cooling for enhancing tissue ischemia tolerance in people with spinal cord injury

Time-frequency-based classification

Method for simulating and demonstrating the gas exchange during mandatory or assisted ventilation and apparatus therefor

Weighted least squares implementation of Cohen-Posch time-frequency distributions