Fenton chemistry encompasses reactions of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron to generate highly reactive species such as the hydroxyl radical and possibly others. In this review, the complex mechanisms of Fenton and Fenton-like reactions and the important factors influencing these reactions, from both a fundamental and practical perspective, in applications to water and soil treatment, are discussed. The review covers modified versions including the photoassisted Fenton reaction, use of chelated iron, electro-Fenton reactions, and Fenton reactions using heterogeneous catalysts. Sections are devoted to nonclassical pathways, by-products, kinetics and process modeling, experimental design methodology, soil and aquifer treatment, use of Fenton in combination with other advanced oxidation processes or biodegradation, economic comparison with other advanced oxidation processes, and case studies.

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Advanced Oxidation Processes for Organic Contaminant Destruction Based on the Fenton Reaction and Related Chemistry

There is a special reason for reviewing this book at this time: it is the 50th edition of a compendium that is known and used frequently in most chemical and physical laboratories in many parts of the world. Surely, a publication that has been published for 56 years, withstanding the vagaries of science in this century, must have had something to offer. There is another reason: while the book is a standard fixture in most chemical and physical laboratories, including those in medical centers, it is not as frequently seen in the laboratories of physician's offices (those either in solo or group practice). I believe that the Handbook can be useful in those laboratories. One of the reasons, among others, is that the various basic items of information it offers may be helpful in new tests, either physical or chemical, which are continuously being published. The basic information may relate

Handbook of Chemistry and Physics

羟氨苄青霉素引起大疱性类天疱疮样疹

http://repository.ias.ac.in/39608/1/49_pub.pdf

A review of imperative technologies for wastewater treatment I: oxidation technologies at ambient conditions

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) constitute important, promising, efficient, and environmental-friendly methods developed to principally remove persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from waters and wastewaters. Generally, AOPs are based on the in situ generation of a powerful oxidizing agent, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), obtained at a sufficient concentration to effectively decontaminate waters. This critical review presents a precise and overall description of the recent literature (period 1990–2012) concerning the main types of AOPs, based on chemical, photochemical, sonochemical, and electrochemical reactions. The principles, performances, advantages, drawbacks, and applications of these AOPs to the degradation and destruction of POPs in aquatic media and to the treatment of waters and waste waters have been reported and compared.

Advanced Oxidation Processes in Water/Wastewater Treatment: Principles and Applications. A Review

Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by a zeolite–nanoscale zero-valent iron composite

Abstract The effectiveness of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) to remove heavy metals from water is reduced by its low durability, poor mechanical strength, and tendency to form aggregates. A composite of zeolite and nanoscale zero-valent iron (Z–nZVI) overcomes these problems and shows good potential to remove Pb from water. FTIR spectra support nZVI loading onto the zeolite and reduced Fe 0 oxidation in the Z–nZVI composite. Scanning electron micrographs show aggregation was eliminated and transmission electron micrographs show well-dispersed nZVI in chain-like structures within the zeolite matrix. The mean surface area of the composite was 80.37 m 2 /g, much greater than zeolite (1.03 m 2 /g) or nZVI (12.25 m 2 /g) alone, as determined by BET-N 2 measurement. More than 96% of the Pb(II) was removed from 100 mL of solution containing 100 mg Pb(II)/L within 140 min of mixing with 0.1 g Z–nZVI. Tests with solution containing 1000 mg Pb(II)/L suggested that the capacity of the Z–nZVI is about 806 mg Pb(II)/g. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the presence of Fe in the composite; X-ray diffraction confirmed formation and immobilization of Fe 0 and subsequent sorption and reduction of some of the Pb(II) to Pb 0 . The low quantity of Pb(II) recovered in water-soluble and Ca(NO 3 ) 2 -extractable fractions indicate low bioavailability of the Pb(II) removed by the composite. Results support the potential use of the Z–nZVI composite in permeable reactive barriers.

/pdf/removal-of-pb-ii-from-aqueous-solution-by-azeolite-nanoscale-551qsd0fzo.pdf

Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by azeolite–nanoscale zero-valent iron composite

Potential use of Pseudomonas koreensis AGB-1 in association with Miscanthus sinensis to remediate heavy metal(loid)-contaminated mining site soil

Laboratory and greenhouse studies were con- ducted to determine imazaquin and imazethapyr adsorp- tion, mobility, and efficacy in Sharpsburg silty clay loam, Holdrege silt loam, and Tripp sandy loam soils after adjusting pH to 5, 6, and 7. Both herbicides were more strongly absorbed, less mobile, and less efficacious at a lower pH. Observations were attributed to ionic bonding resulting from protonation of basic functional groups on the herbicide molecules as pH decreased. Adsorption was greatest in the silty clay loam and least in the sandy loam soil. Conversely, the herbicides were more efficacious and mobile in the more coarse-textured soils. Imazethapyr was less mobile, more highly adsorbed, and more phytotoxic than imazaquin. Greater adsorption of imazethapyr was attributed to a stronger basic pKa and steric factors. Nomenclature: Imazethapyr, (?)-2-(4,5-dihydro-4-methyl- 4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-lH-imidazol-2-yl)-5-ethyl-3-pyrid- inecarboxylic acid; imazaquin, 2-(4,5-dihydro-4-methyl- 4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-lH-imidazol-2-yl)-3-quinolinecar- boxylic acid. Additional index words. Sorption, leaching, phytotoxicity, AC-252,214, AC-263,499.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/4044949

Patrick J. Shea

Papers

Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by a zeolite–nanoscale zero-valent iron composite

Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by azeolite–nanoscale zero-valent iron composite

Potential use of Pseudomonas koreensis AGB-1 in association with Miscanthus sinensis to remediate heavy metal(loid)-contaminated mining site soil

Effect of soil type and pH on adsorption, mobility, and efficacy of imazaquin and imazethapyr.

Removal of TNT and RDX from water and soil using iron metal