Pierre E. Galand

TL;DR: The examination of 740,353 16S rRNA gene sequences from 32 bacterial and archaeal communities from various locations of the Arctic Ocean showed that rare phylotypes did not have a cosmopolitan distribution but followed patterns similar to those of the most abundant members of the community and of the entire community.

TL;DR: The results suggest differences in environmental conditions at the poles and different selection mechanisms controlling surface and deep ocean community structure and diversity may be subjected to more short-term, variable conditions, whereas deep communities appear to be structured by longer water-mass residence time and connectivity through ocean circulation.

TL;DR: The findings suggest thatarchaeal diversity could be associated with distinct metabolisms or life strategies, and that the rare archaeal biosphere is composed of a complex assortment of organisms with distinct histories that affect their potential for growth.

TL;DR: This first taxonomic description of deep Arctic bacteria communities revealed an abundant presence of SAR11 (Alphaproteobacteria), SAR406, SAR202 (Chloroflexi) and SAR324 (Deltaproteinobacteria) clusters, and the abundance of specific phylotypes significantly varied among water masses.

TL;DR: The main objectives of this study were to uncover the pathways used for methanogenesis in three different boreal peatland ecosystems and to describe the methanogenic populations involved and the mesotrophic fen had the lowest proportion of CH4 produced from H2-CO2.