This letter proposes an efficient group-based handover authentication scheme for mobile WiMAX networks. When the first Mobile Station (MS) of the handover group moves from the service Base Station (BS) to a target BS, the service BS transmits all the handover group members security context to the target BS. Thus the rest of the MSs in the same handover group can bypass the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) and the security context transfer phases to directly perform the handover authentication, which obviously reduces handover latency. Moreover, the proposed scheme not only meets the essential security requirements in handover authentication semantics (such as mutual authentication and resisting the domino effect) but also achieves privacy preservation.

A Novel Group-Based Handover Authentication Scheme with Privacy Preservation for Mobile WiMAX Networks

Gas backmixing in a circulating fluidized bed

Emerging neural networks based machine learning techniques such as deep learning and its variants have shown tremendous potential in many application domains. However, they raise serious privacy concerns due to the risk of leakage of highly privacy-sensitive data when data collected from users is used to train neural network models to support predictive tasks. To tackle such serious privacy concerns, several privacy-preserving approaches have been proposed in the literature that use either secure multi-party computation (SMC) or homomorphic encryption (HE) as the underlying mechanisms. However, neither of these cryptographic approaches provides an efficient solution towards constructing a privacy-preserving machine learning model, as well as supporting both the training and inference phases. To tackle the above issue, we propose a CryptoNN framework that supports training a neural network model over encrypted data by using the emerging functional encryption scheme instead of SMC or HE. We also construct a functional encryption scheme for basic arithmetic computation to support the requirement of the proposed CryptoNN framework. We present performance evaluation and security analysis of the underlying crypto scheme and show through our experiments that CryptoNN achieves accuracy that is similar to those of the baseline neural network models on the MNIST dataset.

CryptoNN: Training Neural Networks over Encrypted Data

A method for efficiently deriving a traffic encryption key for data encryption is disclosed. A method of generating a traffic encryption key (TEK) comprises the steps of receiving, by a mobile station from base station, a first nonce and first security materials for deriving the traffic encryption key (TEK) and deriving the traffic encryption key (TEK) using one or more of the first nonce, the authentication key (AK), and the first security materials.

Method of deriving and updating traffic encryption key

Security support is mandatory for any communication networks. For wireless systems, security support is even more important to protect the users as well as the network. Since wireless medium is available to all, the attackers can easily access the network and the network becomes more vulnerable for the user and the network service provider. In the existing research, there is lack of integrated presentation of solutions to all the security issues of mobile WiMAX network, which is important for researchers and practitioners. This paper discusses all the security issues in both point-to-multipoint and mesh network and discusses their solutions. In addition, a new recommendation is also proposed for one of the security issues.

Analysis on mobile WiMAX security

IEEE 802.16e uses EAP-based authentication and key management for link layer security. Due to the lack of ability to support mobility, however, EAP-based key management becomes a principal impediment to the achievement of an efficient and secure handover in IEEE 802.16e mobile WiMAX networks. In this paper, an overview of the EAP-based handover procedures of the latest IEEE 802.16e standard is given and their security flaws are analyzed. Possible solutions for secure handover in IEEE 802.16e networks are also proposed in this paper. The proposed handover protocol guarantees a backward/forward secrecy while gives little burden over the previous handover protocols.

Security Considerations for Handover Schemes in Mobile WiMAX Networks

Efficient machine learning over encrypted data with non-interactive communication

The effects of secondary air ratio (0–50%) and injection types (radial or tangential) on the bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficient have been determined in a circulating fluidized bed (0.1 m-I.D. × 5.3 m-high). The bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing particle suspension density. The heat transfer coefficient by gas convection increases, but the overall convective heat transfer coefficient decreases with increasing the radial injection of secondary air. The convective heat transfer coefficient increases, but the particle convective component decreases with the tangential secondary air injection. A model, based on the model of Basu (1990), is proposed to predict the bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficients in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) with the tangential secondary air injection system.

Effect of Secondary Air Injection on Bed-to-Wall Heat Trasfer in a Circulating Fluidized Bed

Due to the recent advancements of Wi-Fi technologies, people can receive various types of data services via their portable devices such as laptop, smart-phone, and PDA. Especially, as the localization technologies are well developed, the LBS (Location Based Service) is recognized as a promising technology in the upcoming ubiquitous era. In most of LBS applications, users generally tend to visit shops, restaurant and public facilities in his surroundings. To exploit this feature, we propose Person Wide Web (PWW), a new type of location based web service architecture that effectively recognizes the location specific web resources to the mobile device user based on his geographical position. Among so-many resources in the WWW, only the things closely located to the user, make up his PWW. By using the PWW, various location specific data services such as shop advertisement, restaurant menu, and discount coupon, are expected to form a new type of business model in which marketers can actively promote the mobile device users to gladly use their services. We implemented a prototype of PWW system on Android platform and saw that our prototype has reasonable performance on service establishment and message delivery time. We believe the PWW has a potential to open up a new market area of provider triggered wireless data services.

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Pyung Kim

Papers

Security Considerations for Handover Schemes in Mobile WiMAX Networks

Efficient machine learning over encrypted data with non-interactive communication

Effect of Secondary Air Injection on Bed-to-Wall Heat Trasfer in a Circulating Fluidized Bed

Person Wide Web: Active location based web service architecture using wireless infrastructure

Sorting Method for Fully Homomorphic Encrypted Data Using the Cryptographic Single-Instruction Multiple-Data Operation