The integration of distributed generation (DG) units in power distribution networks has become increasingly important in recent years. The aim of the optimal DG placement (ODGP) is to provide the best locations and sizes of DGs to optimize electrical distribution network operation and planning taking into account DG capacity constraints. Several models and methods have been suggested for the solution of the ODGP problem. This paper presents an overview of the state of the art models and methods applied to the ODGP problem, analyzing and classifying current and future research trends in this field.

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Optimal Distributed Generation Placement in Power Distribution Networks: Models, Methods, and Future Research

Review of optimization techniques applied for the integration of distributed generation from renewable energy sources

Optimal integration and planning of renewable distributed generation in the power distribution networks: A review of analytical techniques

This paper proposes a novel Microgrid (MG) planning methodology to decide optimal locations, sizes and mix of dispatchable and intermittent distributed generators (DGs). The long-term costs in the proposed planning model include investment, operation and maintenance (O&M), fuel and emission costs of DGs while the revenue includes payment by MG loads and utility grid. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer program (MIP) considering the probabilistic nature of DG outputs and load consumption, wherein the costs are minimized and profits are maximized. The model is transformed to be a two-stage robust optimization problem. A column and constraint generation (CCG) framework is used to solve the problem. Compared with conventional MG planning approaches, the proposed model is more practical in that it fully considers the system uncertainties and only requires a deterministic uncertainty set, rather than a probability distribution of uncertain data which is difficult to obtain. Case studies of a MG with wind turbines, photovoltaic generators (PVs) and microturbines (MTs) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

Robust Optimization Based Optimal DG Placement in Microgrids

A hybrid of ant colony optimization and artificial bee colony algorithm for probabilistic optimal placement and sizing of distributed energy resources

Recently, integration of distributed generation (DG) in distribution systems has increased to high penetration levels. The impact of DG units on the voltage stability margins has become significant. Optimization techniques are tools which can be used to locate and size the DG units in the system, so as to utilize these units optimally within certain limits and constraints. Thus, the impacts of DG units issues, such as voltage stability and voltage profile, can be analyzed effectively. The ultimate goal of this paper is to propose a method of locating and sizing DG units so as to improve the voltage stability margin. The load and renewable DG generation probabilistic nature are considered in this study. The proposed method starts by selecting candidate buses into which to install the DG units on the system, prioritizing buses which are sensitive to voltage profile and thus improve the voltage stability margin. The DG units' placement and sizing is formulated using mixed-integer nonlinear programming, with an objective function of improving the stability margin; the constraints are the system voltage limits, feeders' capacity, and the DG penetration level.

Optimal Placement and Sizing Method to Improve the Voltage Stability Margin in a Distribution System Using Distributed Generation

Recently, integration of Distributed Generation (DG) in distribution systems has increased to high penetration levels. The impact of DG units on the voltage stability margins has become significant. Optimization techniques are tools which can be used to locate and size the DG units in the system, so as to utilize these units optimally within certain limits and constraints. Thus, the impact of DG units on some issues, such as voltage stability and voltage profile, can be utilized positively. The ultimate goal of this paper is to propose a method of locating and sizing DG units so as to improve the voltage stability margin. The load and renewable DG generation probabilistic nature are considered in this study. The DG units' placement and sizing is formulated using mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP), with an objective function of improving the stability margin; the constraints are the system voltage limits, feeders' capacity, and the DG penetration level.

Distributed Generation placement and sizing method to improve the voltage stability margin in a distribution system

Affordable and clean energy for any rural community is crucial for the sustainable development of the community and the nation at large. The utilization of diesel-based power generation is one of the barriers to the sustainable development of these communities. Such generations require fuel that has a volatile market price and emits massive greenhouse gas emissions. This paper presents the design, modeling, and simulation of a hybrid power system for a rural area in the Sultanate of Oman that aims to reduce daily consumption of diesel fuel and greenhouse gas emissions. Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) is utilized to model multiple energy mix hybrid systems and to propose the best optimal energy mix system for a selected community. In addition, Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) software is employed to assess hybrid system operational performances, such as bus voltage profiles and active and reactive power losses. This study revealed that the PV–wind–diesel system is the optimal energy mix hybrid microgrid for the Al-Dhafrat rural area in Oman, with a net present cost of USD 14.09 million. Compared to the currently operating diesel-based system, the deployment of this microgrid can reduce the levelized cost of energy, diesel fuel consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions per year by 54.56%, 70.44%, and 70.40%, respectively. This study confirms that the Sultanate of Oman has a substantial opportunity to install a hybrid microgrid system for rural diesel-based communities to achieve sustainable development in the country.

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R. S. Al Abri

Papers

Optimal Placement and Sizing Method to Improve the Voltage Stability Margin in a Distribution System Using Distributed Generation

Distributed Generation placement and sizing method to improve the voltage stability margin in a distribution system

Techno-Economic and Environmental Analysis of Renewable Mix Hybrid Energy System for Sustainable Electrification of Al-Dhafrat Rural Area in Oman

Methanol production and purification via membrane-based technology: Recent advancements, challenges, and the way forward.