Theoretical and experimental insight into plasma-catalytic degradation of aqueous p-nitrophenol with graphene-ZnO nanoparticles

All‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) are becoming the crucial energy‐storage candidate in achieving both theoretical capacity and safety guarantee. However, the inherent defects of solid electrolytes (SEs) (low ionic conductivity, lack of mechanical properties, weak antioxidant capacity, etc.) and the existence of interfacial issues between electrodes (cathode/electrolyte interface and anode/electrolyte interface) hinder further practical application. To overcome these problems, many approaches have been developed, such as composite solid electrolytes, interfacial coatings, electrolyte additives, etc. Among them, fluorides and its derivatives with good chemical stability are generally believed as one of the significant materials for stabilizing ASSLMBs. In this article, the progress of fluorinated strategies in ASSLMBs is summarized from the aspects of fluorinated SEs and fluorinated interfaces. Meanwhile, the enhanced mechanisms of fluorinated strategies are emphasized from the microscopic view of the nanostructures evolution based on the discussion of emerging analysis technologies such as cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. The progress of future fluorinated strategies is prospected, and this review may thus instruct the rational design of high performance ASSLMBs.

Fluorinated Strategies Among All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries from Microperspective

Multifunctional graphene-based nanocomposites and nanohybrids for the abatement of agro-industrial pollutants in aqueous environments-A review.

• CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO nanocomposite was constructed by chemical co-precipitation method. • Photocatalysis rate of NCs was 13.5 and 9 folds higher than pristine CaFe 2 O 4 and ZnO. • Photoluminescence study revealed the reduced recombination rate of e − /h + pairs. • The OH· radical is the dominant species in dye degradation. • The nanohybrid exhibited excellent antibacterial activity. Environmental pollution demands the fabrication of suitable nano-photocatalyst that works under white-light irradiation. The effective interfacial engineering is required for better separation of charges. Here, the novel magnetic CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO nanophotocatalyst was synthesized by adopting a sonochemical method. The CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO was analyzed using HRTEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, UV-visible DRS, BET, EIS, and photoluminescence analysis. The photocatalytic performance of CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO is evaluated by decolourization of Rhodamine B (RhB). Further, the particles’ multifunctionality was evaluated by testing its antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli under dark and light. Here, 97.5% of RhB (25 mg/L) was degraded by CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO (60 mg/L) under visible light. The kinetic rate of photocatalysis by CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO was 0.027 min −1 which was 13.5 and 9 folds higher relative to pristine CaFe 2 O 4 and ZnO. At pH 9, the RhB displayed higher photodegradation. Trapping experiments indicate · OH radical severe a key role in RhB degradation. The formation of p-n interface boosted better charge separation and improved ROS generation. At 50 mg/L CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO, the antibacterial performance under light was 98% against B. subtilis and 99.9% against E. coli . The present study reports CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO nanophotocatalyst for the effective environmental remediation through photocatalysis and as an antibacterial agent. Photocatalytic mechanism of CaFe 2 O 4 -ZnO nanocomposite. 

High performing p-n system of CaFe2O4 coupled ZnO for synergetic degradation of Rhodamine B with white-light photocatalysis and bactericidal action

• For the first time, a new Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs nanovehicle was fabricated. • DOX and CUR loaded on Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs (DOX@CUR@Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs). • DOX@CUR@Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs effectively released the drugs in simulated tumor tissues. • DOX@CUR@Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs showed enhanced anti-tumor efficacy than DOX@CUR. • DOX@CUR@Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs effectively transported the DOX and CUR to the nucleus and killed the HepG2 cancer cells. • Overall, from the application and components point of view, synthesized Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs in this work is a new structure with novelty. The efficiency of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and glutamic acid-based metal-organic framework (Bio-MOF(Zn)) compounds have been reported in the drug delivery area. In addition, carboxymethyl starch (CMS) has a good performance in improving biocompatibility and obtaining a controlled anticancer drug release system. Fabrication of Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs can be hopeful in cancer treatment. In this work for the first time, a novel pH-sensitive and biocompatible drug carrier was prepared with the combination of CMS, GQDs, and Bio-MOF(Zn) for curcumin (CUR) and doxorubicin (DOX) co-delivery. For this, GQDs were prepared via pyrolysis of citric acid (CA). Then the CMS and GQDs mixture was crosslinked with zinc metal (Zn-CMS/GQDs). Finally, the Bio-MOF(Zn) was simply fabricated in the presence of L-glutamic acid (Glu) as proteinogenic amino acid and Zn-CMS/GQDs as a biocompatible platform (Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs). The formation of zinc-glutamate Bio-MOF in the presence of Zn-CMS/GQDs was elucidated by the common characterization techniques. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis obtained the pore diameter of Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs ternary hybrid at about 4.5 nm. The in vitro drug loading test obtained the loading percentage of CUR and DOX at about 54.2% and 43.2%. Moreover, the pH-sensitive drug release behavior was observed. Cellular tests confirmed the biocompatibility of Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs and its capability for cancer cell treatment after drug loading. A Survey of the published research works shows that the studied Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs as a DOX and CUR co-carrier have novelty from both components and application viewpoints. In conclusion, the obtained results can render the Bio-MOF(Zn)@CMS/GQDs ternary hybrid as a newly introduced smart candidate for anticancer drug delivery with great potential in biomedicine. 

Metal-organic framework/carboxymethyl starch/graphene quantum dots ternary hybrid as a pH sensitive anticancer drug carrier for co-delivery of curcumin and doxorubicin

Industrial and medical wastewater treatment has been the focus of significant research and development in recent years. Especially untreated antibiotics commonly found within the wastewater generated by the hospitals or/and manufacturers have caused serious environmental concerns. In this work, we proposed a heterogeneous graphene quantum dot (GQD)/ZnO composite as a photocatalyst for degrading antibiotics by using co-precipitation and thermal carbonization processes. The introduction of N-GQDs efficiently facilitates the photocatalytic activity and reaction rate. Indeed, the N-functionalized GQDs, including pyrrolic/pyridinic N and graphitic N, can accelerate the charge transfer rate in the heterostructures. Optimizing the composition of GQD/ZnO catalyst, ultra-high removal ratio (∼100%) and significantly improved rate constant (i.e., 1.74 times higher compared to pristine ZnO) was achieved. In the binary catalyst, the presence of N-GQDs enhances the absorption in visible-light region and increases the photo-induced charge carrier, resulting in an elevated photocatalytic activity. This finding reveals that the GQD/ZnO composite structure demonstrated in this work can be employed as an in-expensive photocatalyst for degrading metronidazole (MNZ) in liquid phase under the UV-light irradiation. 

Ram Nandan Prasad Sinha

Papers

Synthesis and characterization of high-performance ZnO/graphene quantum dot composites for photocatalytic degradation of metronidazole

Design of networked solid-state polymer as artificial interlayer and solid polymer electrolyte for lithium metal batteries

Design of networked solid-state polymer as artificial interlayer and solid polymer electrolyte for lithium metal batteries

Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets as metal-free electrochemical catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions