日本物理学会誌及びJournal of the Physical Society of Japanの月刊について

流体力学杂志“Journal of Fluid Mechanics”由剑桥大学教授George Batchelor在1956年5月创办，在国际流体力学界享有很高的学术声望，被公认为是流体力学最著名的学术刊物之一，2005年的影响因子为2．061，雄居同类期刊之首．在它创刊50周年之际，2006年5月JFM出版了第554卷的纪念特刊，其中刊登了现任主编（美国西北大学S．H．Davis教授和英国剑桥大学T．J．Pedley教授）合写的述评：“Editorial：JFM at50”，以JFM为背景，从独特的视角对近50年来流体力学的发展进行了简明的回顾和展望，并归纳了一系列非常有启发性的有趣统计数字．2006年7月21日在剑桥大学应用数学和理论物理研究所（DAMTP）举行了创刊50周年的庆祝会．下午2点，JFM的新老编辑和来宾会聚一堂，Pedley教授致开幕词，其后是5个精彩的报告：The mysterious rattleback and its fluid counterpart（Keith Moffatt），Developments in shear instabilities（Patrick Huerre），Falling clouds（Elisabeth Guazzelli），Ecotectural fluid mechanics（Paul Linden），The success of JFM（Herbert Huppert），最后由Davis教授致闭幕词．

Journal of Fluid Mechanics创刊50周年

When a gas of bosonic particles is cooled below a critical temperature, it condenses into a Bose-Ei…

Bose-Einstein condensation

Artificial gauge fields in materials and engineered systems

We propose the use of three-dimensional Dirac materials as targets for direct detection of sub-MeV dark matter. Dirac materials are characterized by a linear dispersion for low-energy electronic excitations, with a small band gap of O(meV) if lattice symmetries are broken. Dark matter at the keV scale carrying kinetic energy as small as a few meV can scatter and excite an electron across the gap. Alternatively, bosonic dark matter as light as a few meV can be absorbed by the electrons in the target. We develop the formalism for dark matter scattering and absorption in Dirac materials and calculate the experimental reach of these target materials. We find that Dirac materials can play a crucial role in detecting dark matter in the keV to MeV mass range that scatters with electrons via a kinetically mixed dark photon, as the dark photon does not develop an in-medium effective mass. The same target materials provide excellent sensitivity to absorption of light bosonic dark matter in the meV to hundreds of meV mass range, superior to all other existing proposals when the dark matter is a kinetically mixed dark photon.

/pdf/detection-of-sub-mev-dark-matter-with-three-dimensional-2303uhgldt.pdf

Detection of sub-MeV Dark Matter with Three-Dimensional Dirac Materials

We study the density-density response function of a collection of charged massive Dirac particles and present analytical expressions for the dynamical polarization function in one, two and three dimensions. The polarization function is then used to find the dispersion of the plasmon modes, and electrostatic screening of Coulomb interactions within the random phase approximation. We find that for massive Dirac systems, the oscillating screened potential (or density) decays as r -2 and r -3 in two and three dimensions respectively, and as r -1 for one dimensional non-interacting systems. However for massless Dirac systems there is no electrostatic screening or Friedel oscillation in one dimension, and the oscillating screened potential decays as r -3 and r -4, in two and three dimensions respectively. Our analytical results for the polarization function will be useful for exploring the physics of massive and massless Dirac electrons in different experimental systems with varying dimensionality.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-648X/aa57bd/pdf

Dynamical polarizability, screening and plasmons in one, two and three dimensional massive Dirac systems

We explore the collective density oscillations of a collection of charged massive Dirac particles, in one, two, and three dimensions, and their one-dimensional (1D) superlattice. We calculate the long-wavelength limit of the dynamical polarization function analytically, and use the random phase approximation to obtain the plasmon dispersion. The density dependence of the long-wavelength plasmon frequency in massive Dirac systems is found to be different compared to systems with parabolic and gapless Dirac dispersion. We also calculate the long-wavelength plasmon dispersion of a 1D metamaterial made from 1D and 2D massive Dirac plasma. Our analytical results will be useful for exploring the use of massive Dirac materials as electrostatically tunable plasmonic metamaterials and can be experimentally verified by infrared spectroscopy, as in the case of graphene [L. Ju et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 6, 630 (2011)].

Plasmon modes of a massive Dirac plasma, and their superlattices

We investigate the rotational properties of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a toroidal geometry. Studying the ground states in the rotating frame and at fixed angular momenta, we observe that the condensate acts in distinctly different ways depending on whether it is in the superfluid or in the supersolid phase. We find that intriguingly, the toroidal dipolar condensate can support a supersolid persistent current which occurs at a local minimum in the ground state energy as a function of angular momentum, where the state has a vortex solution in the superfluid component of the condensate. The decay of this state is prevented by a barrier that in part consists of states where a fraction of the condensate mimics solid-body rotation in a direction opposite to that of the vortex. Furthermore, the rotating toroidal supersolid shows hysteretic behavior that is qualitatively different depending on the superfluid fraction of the condensate. (Less)

Persistent currents in toroidal dipolar supersolids

We study the density-density response function of a collection of charged massive Dirac particles and present analytical expressions for the dynamical polarization function in one, two and three dimensions. The polarization function is then used to find the dispersion of the plasmon modes, and electrostatic screening of Coulomb interactions within the random phase approximation. We find that for massive Dirac systems, the oscillating screened potential decays as $r^{-1}$, $r^{-2}$ and $r^{-3}$ in one, two, and three dimensions respectively. However for massless Dirac systems there is no electrostatic screening or Friedel oscillation in one dimension, and the oscillating screened potential decays as $r^{-3}$ and $r^{-4}$, in two and three dimensions respectively. Our analytical results for the polarization function will be useful for exploring the physics of massive and massless Dirac materials in different experimental systems with varying dimensionality.

Dynamical polarizability, screening, and plasmons in one, two, and three dimensional massive Dirac systems

We analyze the dynamics of a Luttinger model following a quench in the electron-electron interaction strength, where the change in the interaction strength occurs over a finite time scale $\ensuremath{\tau}$. We study the Loschmidt echo (the overlap between the initial and final state) as a function of time, both numerically and within a perturbation scheme, treating the change in the interaction strength as a small parameter, for all $\ensuremath{\tau}$. We derive the corrections appearing in (a) the Loschmidt echo for a finite quench duration $\ensuremath{\tau}$, (b) the scaling of the echo following a sudden $(\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0)$ quench, and (c) the scaling of the echo after an adiabatic $(\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty})$ quench. We study in detail the limiting cases of the echo in the early-time and infinite-time limits, and provide scaling arguments to understand these in a general context. We also show that our perturbative results are in good agreement with the exact numerical ones.

Rashi Sachdeva

Papers

Dynamical polarizability, screening and plasmons in one, two and three dimensional massive Dirac systems

Plasmon modes of a massive Dirac plasma, and their superlattices

Persistent currents in toroidal dipolar supersolids

Dynamical polarizability, screening, and plasmons in one, two, and three dimensional massive Dirac systems

Finite-time interaction quench in a Luttinger liquid