Nonlinear energy sink (NES) is an appropriately designed nonlinear oscillator without positive linear stiffness. NES can suppress vibrations over a wide frequency range due to its targeted energy transfer characteristics. Thus, investigations on NES have attracted a lot of attention since a NES was proposed. Designs, analysis, and applications of NESs are still active since different configurations are needed in various practical circumstances. The present work provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art researches on NESs. The work begins with a survey of the generation of a NES and its important vibration control characteristics. The work highlights possible complex dynamics resulting in a NES coupled to a structure. The work also summarizes some significant design on the implements of optimal damping effects and the offsets of NES shortcomings. Then, the work details the applications of NESs in all engineering fields. The concluding remarks suggest further promising directions, such as NESs for multidirectional vibration reduction, NESs with nonlinearities beyond the cubic, potential deterioration caused by a NES, low-cost NESs, NESs for extremely low frequency range, and NESs integrated into active vibration controls. There are 383 references in the review, including some publications of the authors.

Designs, analysis, and applications of nonlinear energy sinks

Simultaneous CFD evaluation of VIV suppression using smaller control cylinders

Vortex-induced vibrations mitigation through a nonlinear energy sink

We investigate in detail the passive control of vortex-induced vibrations of a freely oscillating circular cylinder using a non-linear energy sink consisting of a secondary system having linear damping and an essential non-linear cubic stiffness. The loads on the cylinder are calculated using a direct numerical simulation of the incompressible flow over the cylinder using a parallel computational fluid dynamics code. A strongly coupled fluid structure control numerical model is used to determine the responses of the cylinder and the sink as well as the flow. We vary the sink parameters (mass and damping) and determine their effects on the response of the coupled system. We find multiple stable responses of the coupled system for different mass ratios and damping coefficient of the sink, depending on the initial conditions.

Effects of a non-linear energy sink (NES) on vortex-induced vibrations of a circular cylinder

The effects of nonlinear energy sink (NES) on vibration suppression of a simply supported beam are investigated in this work. The slow flow equations of the system are derived by using complexification–averaging method, and the validity of the derivation is verified. By comparing the vibration absorption of single and parallel NESs of equal mass, it is found that the latter exhibits superior vibration absorption performance. In addition, the parallel NES can eliminate higher branch responses of the system under the harmonic load. Furthermore, it is found that parallel NES can eliminate the higher branches of the system more effectively by tuning nonlinear stiffness and damping. Moreover, the thermal effect on natural frequencies of the simply supported beam is considered, and the influences of the parallel NES’s parameters on the energy dissipation rate under shock load are investigated. The nonlinear responses of the simply supported beam with parallel NES under harmonic load and with the increase of temperature are described.

Vibration suppression and higher branch responses of beam with parallel nonlinear energy sinks

Reduced-order model for laminar vortex-induced vibration of a rigid circular cylinder with an internal nonlinear absorber

Computational study of vortex-induced vibration of a sprung rigid circular cylinder with a strongly nonlinear internal attachment

We computationally investigate coupling of a nonlinear rotational dissipative element to a sprung circular cylinder allowed to undergo transverse vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in an incompressible flow. The dissipative element is a ‘nonlinear energy sink’ (NES), consisting of a mass rotating at fixed radius about the cylinder axis and a linear viscous damper that dissipates energy from the motion of the rotating mass. We consider the Reynolds number range , with based on cylinder diameter and free-stream velocity, and the cylinder restricted to rectilinear motion transverse to the mean flow. Interaction of this NES with the flow is mediated by the cylinder, whose rectilinear motion is mechanically linked to rotational motion of the NES mass through nonlinear inertial coupling. The rotational NES provides significant ‘passive’ suppression of VIV. Beyond suppression however, the rotational NES gives rise to a range of qualitatively new behaviours not found in transverse VIV of a sprung cylinder without an NES, or one with a ‘rectilinear NES’, considered previously. Specifically, the NES can either stabilize or destabilize the steady, symmetric, motionless-cylinder solution and can induce conditions under which suppression of VIV (and concomitant reduction in lift and drag) is accompanied by a greatly elongated region of attached vorticity in the wake, as well as conditions in which the cylinder motion and flow are temporally chaotic at relatively low .

Effect of an internal nonlinear rotational dissipative element on vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration of a sprung circular cylinder

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Passive Suppression of Vortex-Induced Vibration of a Cylinder at $Re=100$

Ravi Kumar R. Tumkur∗, Arne J. Pearlstein∗∗, Arif Masud∗∗∗, Oleg V. Gendelman∗∗∗∗, Lawrence A. Bergman∗, Alexander F. Vakakis∗∗ ∗Department of Aerospace Engineering ∗∗Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering ∗∗∗Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA ∗∗∗∗Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200, Israel

Effect of an Internal Rotational Nonlinear Attachment on the Vortex-Induced Vibration of a Rigid Circular Cylinder in a Subcritical Incompressible Flow

Ravi Kumar R. Tumkur

Papers

Reduced-order model for laminar vortex-induced vibration of a rigid circular cylinder with an internal nonlinear absorber

Computational study of vortex-induced vibration of a sprung rigid circular cylinder with a strongly nonlinear internal attachment

Effect of an internal nonlinear rotational dissipative element on vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration of a sprung circular cylinder

Passive Suppression of Vortex-Induced Vibration of a Cylinder at $Re=100$

Effect of an Internal Rotational Nonlinear Attachment on the Vortex-Induced Vibration of a Rigid Circular Cylinder in a Subcritical Incompressible Flow