Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) offer the possibilities to design solar cells with a large flexibility in shape, color, and transparency. DSC research groups have been established around the worl ...

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Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

J. Appl. Cryst.の発刊に際して

Signaling Recognition Events with Fluorescent Sensors and Switches.

BODIPY dyes and their derivatives: syntheses and spectroscopic properties.

In this review, we highlight the use of organic photoredox catalysts in a myriad of synthetic transformations with a range of applications. This overview is arranged by catalyst class where the photophysics and electrochemical characteristics of each is discussed to underscore the differences and advantages to each type of single electron redox agent. We highlight both net reductive and oxidative as well as redox neutral transformations that can be accomplished using purely organic photoredox-active catalysts. An overview of the basic photophysics and electron transfer theory is presented in order to provide a comprehensive guide for employing this class of catalysts in photoredox manifolds.

Organic Photoredox Catalysis

The world of organic luminophores has been confined for a long time to fairly standard biological labeling applications and to certain analytical tests. Recently, however, the field has undergone a major change of direction, driven by the dual needs to develop novel organic electronic materials and to fuel the rapidly emerging nanotechnologies. Among the many diverse fluorescent molecules, the Bodipy family, first developed as luminescent tags and laser dyes, has become a cornerstone for these new applications. The near future looks extremely bright for "porphyrin's little sister".

The Chemistry of Fluorescent Bodipy Dyes: Versatility Unsurpassed

[fac-Re(bpy) (CO)3Cl] (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) is an efficient homogeneous catalyst for the selective and sustained photochemical or electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO. A quantum yield of 14% and a faradic efficiency of 98% were measured in the presence of excess Cl− ions. The photochemical process took place under visible-light irradiation and consumed a tertiary amine as electron donor. A formato-rhenium complex was isolated in the absence of excess Cl− ions. Substitution by Cl− ion generated free formate, but no CO was detected. Luminescence measurements showed that the tertiary amine quenches the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited state of the rhenium complex via a reductive mechanism, with a rate constant of 3.4 × 107M−1S−1. The 19e-complex [Re(bpy) (CO)3X]− produced either photochemically or electrochemically appears to be the active precursor in the CO-generation process. Detailed spectroscopic studies on 13C-enriched carbonyl-rhenium and formato-rhenium complexes derived from 13C-enriched CO2 were performed in order to confirm the origin of the products and to study the exchange of the ligands. A mechanism for the present CO2 photoreduction process is presented; it involves separate pathways for CO and formate generation, in which the [Re(bpy) (CO)3X] complex plays the role of both the photoactive and the catalytic center.

Photochemical and Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Carbon Monoxide Mediated by (2,2′‐Bipyridine)tricarbonylchlororhenium(I) and Related Complexes as Homogeneous Catalysts

Efficient photogeneration of either (CO + H2) simultaneously, or CO selectively, occurs on visible light irradiation of CO2 solutions in (HOCH2CH2)3N–dimethylformamide containing, respectively, Ru(bipy)32+–Co2+ combinations or the single component Re(bipy)(CO)3X (X = Cl, Br) as homogeneous catalysts.

Efficient photochemical reduction of CO2 to CO by visible light irradiation of systems containing Re(bipy)(CO)3X or Ru(bipy)32+–Co2+ combinations as homogeneous catalysts

Re(bipy)(CO)3Cl (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) is an efficient homogeneous catalyst for the selective and sustained electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO at low potential.

Electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide mediated by Re(bipy)(CO)3Cl (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine)

Organische Luminophore wurden lange nur in biologischen Markierungsverfahren und bestimmten analytischen Nachweisen angewendet, doch in jungster Zeit werden auch neuartige organische elektronische Materialien und Farbstoffe fur die aufstrebende Nanotechnologie entwickelt. Unter vielen verschiedenartigen Fluoreszenzfarbstoffen erwiesen sich dabei die Bodipy-Farbstoffe, die zunachst als Lumineszenzmarker und Laserfarbstoffe entwickelt worden waren, als besonders geeignet. Dieser “kleinen Schwester des Porphyrins” scheinen grose Perspektiven offenzustehen.

Raymond Ziessel

Papers

The Chemistry of Fluorescent Bodipy Dyes: Versatility Unsurpassed

Photochemical and Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Carbon Monoxide Mediated by (2,2′‐Bipyridine)tricarbonylchlororhenium(I) and Related Complexes as Homogeneous Catalysts

Efficient photochemical reduction of CO2 to CO by visible light irradiation of systems containing Re(bipy)(CO)3X or Ru(bipy)32+–Co2+ combinations as homogeneous catalysts

Electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide mediated by Re(bipy)(CO)3Cl (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine)

Die vielseitige Chemie von Bodipy-Fluoreszenzfarbstoffen