According to W. Edwards Deming, American companies require nothing less than a transformation of management style and of governmental relations with industry. In Out of the Crisis, originally published in 1982, Deming offers a theory of management based on his famous 14 Points for Management. Management's failure to plan for the future, he claims, brings about loss of market, which brings about loss of jobs. Management must be judged not only by the quarterly dividend, but by innovative plans to stay in business, protect investment, ensure future dividends, and provide more jobs through improved product and service. In simple, direct language, he explains the principles of management transformation and how to apply them.

Out of the Crisis

Self-healing polymeric materials: A review of recent developments

Nonlinear Programming: A Unified Approach

This paper is a review of low-velocity impact responses of composite materials. First the term ‘low-velocity impact’ is defined and major impact-induced damage modes are described from onset of damage through to final failure. Then, the effects of the composite's constituents on impact properties are discussed and post-impact performance is assessed in terms of residual strength.

Review of low-velocity impact properties of composite materials

Topology optimization is the process of determining the optimal layout of material and connectivity inside a design domain. This paper surveys topology optimization of continuum structures from the year 2000 to 2012. It focuses on new developments, improvements, and applications of finite element-based topology optimization, which include a maturation of classical methods, a broadening in the scope of the field, and the introduction of new methods for multiphysics problems. Four different types of topology optimization are reviewed: (1) density-based methods, which include the popular Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) technique, (2) hard-kill methods, including Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO), (3) boundary variation methods (level set and phase field), and (4) a new biologically inspired method based on cellular division rules. We hope that this survey will provide an update of the recent advances and novel applications of popular methods, provide exposure to lesser known, yet promising, techniques, and serve as a resource for those new to the field. The presentation of each method's focuses on new developments and novel applications.

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A survey of structural and multidisciplinary continuum topology optimization: post 2000

1. Introductory chapter.- 1.1 Bonded vs bolted repairs.- 1.2 Combined bonded/bolted repairs.- 1.3 Adhesives.- 1.4 Adhesive testing.- 1.5 Surface preparation.- 1.6 Environmental behaviour.- 1.7 Summary.- 2. Surface treatments for bonded repairs of metallic components.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Background.- 2.3 Structural aluminium alloys.- 2.4 Phosphoric acid anodizing.- 2.5 Chromic acid anodizing.- 2.6 Titanium alloys.- 2.7 Summary.- 3. Design and analysis of bonded repairs for metal aircraft structures.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Design of adhesive bonded repairs in thin sheet metal construction.- 3.3 Residual strength of flawed or damaged bonded joints.- 3.4 Acceptance criteria for bonded flaws and damage.- 3.5 The pitfalls of life prediction for adhesive-bonded joints.- 3.6 Surface preparation for adhesive bonded repair of metal structure.- 3.7 Conclusions.- 4. Crack patching: design aspects.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 The finite element formulation.- 4.3 Repair of cracks in Mirage III lower wing skin - a design study.- 4.4 Neutral axis offset effects.- 4.5 Initial design procedures.- 4.6 Comparison with experimental and 3-D results.- 4.7 Repair of semi elliptical surface flaws.- 4.8 Repair of cracked holes.- 4.9 Repair of cracked fastener holes.- Appendix A.- 5. Theoretical analysis of crack patching.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Formulation and notation.- 5.3 Load transfer to bonded reinforcements.- 5.4 Two stage analytical solution.- 5.5 Residual thermal stress due to adhesive curing.- 5.6 Bending effects.- 5.7 Partial reinforcement.- 5.8 Conclusion.- 6. Crack patching: experimental studies, practical applications.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Adhesive system and process selection.- 6.3 Thermal and residual stress problems.- 6.4 Design correlations and materials allowables.- 6.5 A preliminary design approach.- 6.6 Crack propagation behaviour.- 6.7 Applications of crack patching.- 7. Repair of composite aircraft.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Composite fabrication.- 7.3 Defects.- 7.4 Repair materials.- 7.5 Bonded repair - composite repair concepts.- 7.6 Effect of moisture on bonded repairs of composites.- 7.7 Design of bonded repairs.- 7.8 Composite service damage experience.- 7.9 Specific component repair.- 7.10 Future requirements.

Bonded repair of aircraft structures

The availability of efficient and cost-effective technologies to repair or extend the life of aging military airframes is becoming a critical requirement in most countries around the world, as new aircraft becoming prohibitively expensive and defence budgets shrink. To a lesser extent a similar situation is arising with civil aircraft, with falling revenues and the high cost of replacement aircraft.


This book looks at repair/reinforcement technology, which is based on the use of adhesively bonded fibre composite patches or doublers and can provide cost-effective life extension in many situations. From the scientific and engineering viewpoint, whilst simple in concept, this technology can be quite challenging particularly when used to repair primary structure. This is due to it being based on interrelated inputs from the fields of aircraft design, solid mechanics, fibre composites, structural adhesive bonding, fracture mechanics and metal fatigue. The technologies of non-destructive inspection (NDI) and, more recently smart materials, are also included. Operational issues are equally critical, including airworthiness certification, application technology (including health and safety issues), and training.



Including contributions from leading experts in Canada, UK, USA and Australia, this book discusses most of these issues and the latest developments. Most importantly, it contains real histories of application of this technology to both military and civil aircraft.

Rhys Jones

Papers

Bonded repair of aircraft structures

Advances in the Bonded Composite Repair of Metallic Aircraft Structure

The effect of impactor shape on the impact response of composite laminates

An experimental evaluation of fatigue crack growth

Damage tolerance of graphite/epoxy composites