Showing papers by "Roberto Fabiani published in 2018"
TL;DR: HT demonstrated in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant abilities and may explain the health effects of olive oil in Mediterranean diet.
Abstract: Hydroxytyrosol (3,4-dihydroxyphenil-ethanol, HT), the major phenol derived from olive oil consumption, has shown different anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities in vitro which may explain the chronic-degenerative diseases preventive properties of olive oil. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of HT reduce inflammatory markers, Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and Tumour Necrosis Factor alfa (TNF-α and oxidative stress in vivo on a mouse model of systemic inflammation. Balb/c mice were pre-treated with HT (40 and 80 mg/Kg b.w.) and then stimulated by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Blood was collected to measure COX2 gene expression by qPCR and TNF-α level by ELISA kit in plasma. In addition, the total anti-oxidant power of plasma and the DNA damage were measured by FRAP test and COMET assay, respectively. LPS increased the COX2 expression, the TNF-α production and the DNA damage. HT administration prevented all LPS-induced effects and improved the anti-oxidant power of plasma. HT demonstrated in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant abilities. The results may explain the health effects of olive oil in Mediterranean diet. HT represents an interesting molecule for the development of new nutraceuticals and functional food useful in chronic diseases prevention.
58 citations
TL;DR: Maternal consumption of folic acid is associated with a reduced risk of CBSCT, and the relationship between dose-response and the best outcome is still unclear.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Many epidemiological studies have investigated the effect of maternal diet and prenatal multivitamin supplementation on pediatric cancer risk. Childhood brain and spinal cord tumors (CBSCT) have been attributed to different possible risk factors. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on maternal folate intake before and during pregnancy and the risk of CBSCT. We systematically reviewed publications obtained by searching the Insitute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge and PubMed literature databases. We extracted the risk estimate of the highest and the lowest reported categories of intake from each study and conducted a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. RESULTS The results of the pooled analysis of all 10 studies, 1 cohort and 9 case-control studies, indicated that maternal folate intake was inversely associated with CBSCT risk (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.67-0.88, p < 0.001; I2 = 51.22%, p = 0.001). Separate analyses on the basis of the source of folate (folic acid supplementation, dietary folate) and in relation to the timing of exposure (before pregnancy, during pregnancy) found that folic acid supplementation was associated with an approximately 23% reduction in -CBSCT risk (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.66-0.90, p = 0.001; I2 = 53.18%, p = 0.001) and consumption during pregnancy was associated with an approximately 20% reduction in CBSCT risk (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.67-0.97, p = 0.020; I2 = 62.48%, p < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS Maternal consumption of folic acid is associated with a reduced risk of CBSCT. Further investigations are necessary to increase the reliability of the results and estimate the relationship between dose-response and the best outcome.
12 citations
TL;DR: The observation that consumption of olive and virgin olive oil may prevent the initiation step of carcinogenesis is supported, as well as the preventive ability of three different phenolic extracts derived from olive.
12 citations
TL;DR: The results show that the tested F. pinicola extract has strong antimicrobial and chemo-preventive activities, but is a poor antioxidant.
Abstract: Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw) P Karst (Fomitopsidaceae) is a medicinal mushroom with a variety of healthy properties In this study we tested the radical scavenging activity and antimicrobial and anticancer potential of methanol extracts of F pinicola from central Italy Molecular identification confirmed that the samples were F pinicola; a Basic Local Alignment Search Tool search showed a close match (99% sequence identity) with European isolates of this species The free radical scavenging capacities, measured by DPPH assay, showed that the extract activity was 35% that of Trolox The MTT test, evaluated after 72 hours of treatment with increasing doses of extract (5-500 μg · mL-1), considerably inhibited proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in 2 human tumor cell lines This reduction was coupled with a relevant induction of apoptosis in the human leukemia THP-1 cell line after 24 hours of treatment, but a relevant toxic effect occurred in the human colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cell line The genotoxic potential of the methanol extracts was studied by single-cell gel electrophoresis of normal human leukocytes exposed to 20 μg extract at 37°C for 30 minutes; no DNA damage was observed The F pinicola methanol extract was found to have varying degrees of antifungal effects against the pathogenic fungi tested (minimum inhibitory concentration from 2363 to 6681 μg · mL-1) The results show that the tested F pinicola extract has strong antimicrobial and chemo-preventive activities, but is a poor antioxidant
7 citations
TL;DR: In the present investigation the ability of different phenolic compounds, either present or not in olive oil, to induce both apoptosis on tumour cells and H 2 O 2 accumulation in cell culture medium was assesed.
Abstract: In the present investigation the ability of different phenolic compounds, either present or not in olive oil, to induce both apoptosis on tumour cells and H 2 O 2 accumulation in cell culture medium was assesed. Among the phenols studied we found that tyrosol ( p -HPEA), homovanillic alcohol and protocatechuic, o-coumaric, vanillic, homovanillic, ferulic and syringic acids did not induce either apoptosis on HL60 cells or H 2 O 2 accumulation, while hydroxytyrosol (3,4-DHPEA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (3,4-DHPA), 3,4-dihydroxy-hydrocinnamic acid (3,4-DHHC) and gallic acid induced both apoptosis and accumulation of H 2 O 2 in the culture medium which were significantly reduced by
6 citations