ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
ADP
: adenosine diphosphate
AF
: atrial fibrillation
AMI
: acute myocardial infarction
AV
: atrioventricular
AIDA-4
: Abciximab Intracoronary vs. intravenously Drug Application
APACHE II
: Acute Physiology Aand Chronic

/pdf/esc-guidelines-for-the-management-of-acute-myocardial-vy5rt9aiqe.pdf

ESC Guidelines for the Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation

統計年鑑 = Statistical yearbook

BackgroundThe clinical effect of routine intracoronary thrombus aspiration before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI ...

/pdf/thrombus-aspiration-during-st-segment-elevation-myocardial-h8ezmfnbuo.pdf

Thrombus aspiration during ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

The registry-based randomized trial may make less expensive, more efficient clinical studies possible. But before the new study design can be widely used, questions about the quality of the underlying data sets must be addressed.

The Randomized Registry Trial — The Next Disruptive Technology in Clinical Research?

Invention and Economic Growth.

Thrombus Aspiration in ST-Elevation myocardial infarction in Scandinavia (TASTE trial). A multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical registry trial based on the Swedish angiography and angioplasty registry (SCAAR) platform. Study design and rationale

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the frequency of postoperative bleeding in patients on warfarin after tooth removal followed by a complete soft tissue closure of the surgical site. A total of 124 consecutive patients, 69 males and 55 females with a mean age of 71 years (range 28-95 years) were included in this study. Inclusion criteria were patients on warfarin with an INR ≤3.5 who were referred for tooth removal (single or multiple) during 2004-2009. After tooth extraction all sockets were packed with an absorbable haemo- static gelatin sponge or a collagen fleece and subsequently the sockets was primary closed with sutures. 5/124 (4%) patients returned with postoperative bleedings. All patients with a posto- perative bleeding had received a surgical extraction in the posterior part of the maxilla. Consequently no patient had a postoperative bleeding in the mandible. None of the 124 patients returned to the clinic with a dry socket or postoperative pain. 3/124 (2%) patients returned with postoperative infection that required antibiotic treatment. All patients who bled were managed conservatively and none was admitted to hospital. Conclusion: According to the protocol of this study (local hemostatic, primary closure, sutures and tranexamic acid) the risk of postoperative bleeding after tooth removal in patients on continued warfarin medication is low.

Treatment with local hemostatic agents and primary closure after tooth extraction in warfarin treated patients.

Using unique data on Swedish multinational corporations (MNCs), this study investigates several dimensions relating to industrial R&D. The development in the latter part of the 1980s is emphasized. Between 1978 and 1990, R&D intensity of the Swedish MNCs almost doubled from about 2 to 4 percent. It is further noted that growth in real R&D expenditures declined in the second half of the 1980s compared with the early 1980s. The statistical analysis supports the view that Swedish MNCs to a large extent base their international competitiveness, measured as foreign sales as a percentage of total sales, on technological capabilities created through R&D activities. On the other hand, the analysis also indicates that more sales in foreign markets increases the rate of return on each R&D SEK spent, and, thus, induces more R&D expenditures. Finally, it is shown that the marginal productivity of R&D is positive, although this effect is statsitically weak and seems to have decreased over time.

R&D in Swedish Multinational Corporations

In this paper, I analyze the commercialization of patents in the Swedish medicine & hygiene sector A unique database makes it possible to use a new method, where I follow the commercialization process of individual patents A surprisingly low share (10%) of the inventions was discovered at universities or in firms close to universities, although 1/3 of total R&D is undertaken at universities in Sweden The commercialization rate is higher among small firms and entrepreneurs compared to medium-sized and large firms, but the success rate is lower for the former groups With respect to mode of commercialization, 90% of the patents are commercialized in existing firms and only 10% in new start-ups Few patents are sold or licensed abroad, and even then, manufacturing of the invention often takes place in Sweden It seems like there is a lack of external venture capital to a higher degree in the commercialization phase than in the R&D phase Entrepreneurs and small firms often claim that financing and difficulties to find a firm willing to manufacture the invention are the largest problems during the commercialization, or the main reasons why the patent was not commercialized The reasons why larger firms do not commercialize their patents are that they often give priority to other inventions

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/81264/1/wp583.pdf

Commercialization of Swedish Patents: A Pilot Study in the Medical and Hygiene Sector

In this paper, I analyze the commercialization of patents in the Swedish medicine & hygiene sector. A unique database makes it possible to use a new method, where I follow the commercialization process of individual patents. A surprisingly low share (10%) of the inventions was discovered at universities or in firms close to universities, although 1/3 of total R&D is undertaken at universities in Sweden. The commercialization rate is higher among small firms and entrepreneurs compared to medium-sized and large firms, but the success rate is lower for the former groups. With respect to mode of commercialization, 90% of the patents are commercialized in existing firms and only 10% in new startups. Few patents are sold or licensed abroad, and even then, manufacturing of the invention often takes place in Sweden. It seems like there is a lack of external venture capital to a higher degree in the commercialization phase than in the R&D phase. Entrepreneurs and small firms often claim that financing and difficulties to find a firm willing to manufacture the invention are the largest problems during the commercialization, or the main reasons why the patent was not commercialized. The reasons why larger firms do not commercialize their patents are that they often give priority to other inventions, or utilize the patent as a “shadow patent” in order to prevent competitors to use the invention.

/pdf/commercialization-of-swedish-patents-a-pilot-study-in-the-32hk5onkdf.pdf

Roger Svensson

Papers

Thrombus Aspiration in ST-Elevation myocardial infarction in Scandinavia (TASTE trial). A multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical registry trial based on the Swedish angiography and angioplasty registry (SCAAR) platform. Study design and rationale

Treatment with local hemostatic agents and primary closure after tooth extraction in warfarin treated patients.

R&D in Swedish Multinational Corporations

Commercialization of Swedish Patents: A Pilot Study in the Medical and Hygiene Sector

Commercialization of Swedish Patents – A Pilot Study in the Medical and Hygiene Sector