NQO1, MPO, CYP2E1, GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms and biological effects of benzene exposure--a literature review.

Relationships between metabolic and non-metabolic susceptibility factors in benzene toxicity.

MicroRNA regulation of DNA repair gene expression in 4-aminobiphenyl-treated HepG2 cells

Cytostatic and genotoxic effect of temephos in human lymphocytes and HepG2 cells

/pdf/benzene-toxicity-the-role-of-the-susceptibility-factor-nqo1-3ph2c388x4.pdf

Benzene toxicity: The role of the susceptibility factor NQO1 in bone marrow endothelial cell signaling and function

Strategy of electron acceptors for ethanol-driven chain elongation from kitchen waste.

The OsLCD gene, which has been implicated in cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice, might be a useful target for CRISPR/Cas9 editing. However, the effects of OsLCD gene editing on Cd accumulation, plant growth, and yield traits remain unknown. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate oslcd single mutants from indica and japonica rice cultivars. We also generated osnramp5 single mutants and oslcd osnramp5 double mutants in the indica background. When grown in Cd-contaminated paddy soils, all oslcd single mutants accumulated less Cd than the wild types (WTs). Consistent with this, oslcd single mutants grown in Cd-contaminated hydroponic culture accumulated significantly less Cd in the shoots as compared to WTs. This decrease in accumulation probably resulted from the reduction of Cd translocation under Cd stress. Oxidative damage also decreased, and plant growth increased in all oslcd single mutant seedlings as compared to WTs in the presence of Cd. Plant growth and most yield traits, as well essential element concentrations in rice seedling shoots, brown rice, and rice straw, were similar between oslcd single mutants and WTs. In the presence of Cd, Cd concentrations in the brown rice and shoots of oslcd osnramp5 double mutants were significantly decreased compared with WTs as well as osnramp single mutants. Our results suggested that OsLCD knockout may reduce Cd accumulation alone or in combination with other knockout mutations in a variety of rice genotypes; unlike OsNramp5 mutations, OsLCD knockout did not reduce essential element contents. Therefore, OsLCD knockout might be used to generate low-Cd rice germplasms. 

Generation of low-cadmium rice germplasms via knockout of OsLCD using CRISPR/Cas9.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relation between genetic polymorphisms of NQO1, GSTT1 and risks of chronic benzene poisoning (BP). METHODS: A case-control study was conducted. 152 BP patients and 152 workers occupationally exposed to benzene without poisoning manifestations were investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC) and sequencing were used to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the promoter and complete coding-region of NQO1 gene. Multiple PCR was used to detect GSTT1 genotype. RESULTS: In smoking population, there was 7.73-fold (95% CI: 1.71-34.97, P = 0.010) of risk in BP subjects carrying NQO1c. 609 T/T genotype, compared with those carrying C/C and C/T. genotype. In drinking population, the individuals carrying the 6th extron of NQO1c. 609 T/T homozygote genotype had a 11.00-fold(95% CI: 1.89-63.83, P = 0.005) risk of BP compared to those with NQO1c. 609 C/T and C/C genotypes. CONCLUSION: The subjects carrying NQO1c. 609 T/T genotype and together with the habit of smoking or drinking may be more susceptible to BP.

Relation of genetic polymorphism of NQO1 and GSTT1 with risks of chronic benzene poisoning

Objective We investigated how cells respond to the induction of DNA damage, focusing specifically on mRNA expression levels of cell regulatory and DNA repair genes under exposure to benzene. Method The study sample was classified into three groups: direct exposure to benzene (A), indirect exposure to benzene (B), and non-exposed (C). Concentrations of benzene in the air of workplaces were monitored. Further blood biochemical parameters, cell cycle-regulated and DNA damage-related genes expression were analyzed. Results The mRNA expression levels of Apel, Rad51, Bcl-2, Bax, Xpa, and Xpc genes were significantly down-regulated in groups A and B, with a dramatic up-regulation of p21 gene in group A accompanied by significantly lower counts of white blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets and lymphocyte subsets of CD8+, CD4+, T and B cells. Conclusion The results indicated that exposure to benzene had significantly altered mRNA expression of some critical cell regulatory and DNA repair genes.

mRNA expression levels among cell regulatory and DNA damage genes in benzene-exposed workers in China.

Thionins are important antibacterial peptides in plants. However, the roles of plant thionins, especially the defensin-dissimilar thionins, in alleviating heavy-metal toxicity and accumulation remain unclear. Here, cadmium (Cd)-related functions and mechanisms of the defensin-dissimilar rice thionin OsThi9 were investigated. OsThi9 was significantly upregulated in response to Cd exposure. OsThi9 was localized to the cell wall and was shown to bind Cd; these characters help to increase Cd tolerance. In Cd-exposed rice plants, OsThi9 overexpression significantly increased cell wall Cd binding, decreasing upward Cd translocation and subsequent Cd accumulation in shoots and straw, while OsThi9 knockout had inverse effects. Importantly, in rice plants grown in Cd-contaminated soils, OsThi9 overexpression significantly reduced Cd accumulation in brown rice (decrease of ≥ 51.8%) without negatively impairing the crop yield and essential elements. Thus, OsThi9 plays an important role in the alleviation of Cd toxicity and accumulation and has significant potential for developing low-Cd rice.

Rong Ye

Papers

Strategy of electron acceptors for ethanol-driven chain elongation from kitchen waste.

Generation of low-cadmium rice germplasms via knockout of OsLCD using CRISPR/Cas9.

Relation of genetic polymorphism of NQO1 and GSTT1 with risks of chronic benzene poisoning

mRNA expression levels among cell regulatory and DNA damage genes in benzene-exposed workers in China.

Plant Defensin-Dissimilar Thionin OsThi9 Alleviates Cadmium Toxicity in Rice Plants and Reduces Cadmium Accumulation in Rice Grains.