Transformation of halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) by zero-valent iron represents one of the latest innovative technologies for environmental remediation. For example, iron can be used to construct a reactive wall in the path of a contaminated groundwater plume to degrade HOCs. In this paper, an efficient method of synthesizing nanoscale (1−100 nm) iron and palladized iron particles is presented. Nanoscale particles are characterized by high surface area to volume ratios and high reactivities. BET specific surface area of the synthesized metal particles is 33.5 m2/g. In comparison, a commercially available Fe powder (<10 μm) has a specific surface area of just 0.9 m2/g. Batch studies demonstrated that these nanoscale particles can quickly and completely dechlorinate several chlorinated aliphatic compounds and a mixture of PCBs at relatively low metal to solution ratio (2−5 g/100 mL). Surface-area-normalized rate constants (KSA) are calculated to be 10−100 times higher than those of commercially availa...

Synthesizing Nanoscale Iron Particles for Rapid and Complete Dechlorination of TCE and PCBs

A field demonstration was performed in which nanoscale bimetallic (Fe/Pd) particles were gravity-fed into groundwater contaminated by trichloroethene and other chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons at a manufacturing site. With diameters on the order of 100−200 nm, the nanoparticles are uniquely suited to rapidly degrade redox-amenable contaminants and for optimal subsurface delivery and dispersion. Approximately 1.7 kg of the nanoparticles was fed into the test area over a 2-day period, resulting in minimal clogging of the injection well. The test area was located within a well-characterized region of the contaminant plume and included an injection well and three piezometer couplets spaced 1.5 m apart. Despite the low nanoparticle dosage, trichloroethene reduction efficiencies of up to 96% were observed over a 4-week monitoring period with the highest values observed at the injection well and adjacent piezometers. Data from the field assessment were consistent with the results of pre-injection laboratory st...

Field assessment of nanoscale bimetallic particles for groundwater treatment.

Metal-mediated reductive hydrodehalogenation of organic halides.

Nanotechnologies for environmental cleanup

https://www.eng.uwo.ca/grc/pdfs/groundwater_remediation/Nanoscale.pdf

Nanoscale zero valent iron and bimetallic particles for contaminated site remediation

Reduction of nitrate to ammonia by zero-valent iron

A method for the rapid dechlorination of low molecular weight chlorinated hydrocarbons in water

The present invention relates to various methods, such as an above-ground method and an in-ground method, of using a palladized iron bimetallic system for the dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds from effluents containing the same. The use of palladized iron bimetallic system results in the dechlorination of the chlorinated organic compound into environmentally safe reaction products. The present invention also provides kits, devices, and other instruments that use the above-mentioned palladized iron bimetallic system for the dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds.

Dechlorination of TCE with palladized iron

The pollution of groundwater and soils by industrial chemicals is a cause of significant environmental concern. Treatment with palladium is suggested as a means of decontaminating certain occurrences ofpolluted soil and groundwater. Palladium can be chemically deposited onto zero-valence iron (Fen) and the resulting bimetal i s very effective in dechlorinating m a n y of the toxic chemicals, produced as industrial effluents, that are found in soils and groundwater. With a pal ladium content of 0.05 per cent ( w f w ) , the rate at which trichloroethene i s dechlorinated i s one to two orders of magnitude faster than with iron alone. Similarly, a bimetal made of palladiumliron readily dechlorinates dichloromethane and polychlorinated biphenyls which are not easily reduced by Feo.

Rosy Muftikian

Papers

Reduction of nitrate to ammonia by zero-valent iron

A method for the rapid dechlorination of low molecular weight chlorinated hydrocarbons in water

Dechlorination of TCE with palladized iron

The Dechlorination of Hvdrocarbons J PALLADISED IRON UTILISED FOR GROUND WATER PURIFICATION By Nic Korte