Metal-based reactive nanomaterials

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/551703.pdf

Applications of nano-catalyst in new era

Metal-based nanoenergetic materials: Synthesis, properties, and applications

Nanofluids are described as a relatively new kind of colloidal solutions with a particle size smaller than one billionth of a meter (1–100 nm) suspended in the base fluid so as to enhance the thermophysical properties, which makes them an obvious choice for use in number of commercial applications including engineering, medical sciences, biotechnology, agriculture technology, transportation etc. With the advancement in nanotechnology during last few years, scientific community focuses on improvising combustion behavior, stability aspects, various engine performance parameters and emission characteristics of conventional diesel engine using nanoparticle laden diesel biodiesel fuel blends. Most recently few experimental works on above issues using nanosized metallic, non-metallic, organic and mixed particles in the base liquid fuel for diesel engine have appeared in the open literature. The obtained results are very encouraging due to multifold enhancement in thermo physical and chemical properties of modified fuel such as high surface to volume ratio, high reactive medium for combustion, enhanced heat and mass transport properties due to high thermal conductivity, improvement in flash point, fire point, pour point etc depending upon the type of nanoparticles used, their particle size and concentration with base fuel. Despite having all superiorities, somewhat unclear and contradictory results are found in the literature, further the experimental results of different researchers are not generalized so far as to reach at common consensus about this new approach of fuel modification. Keeping all these facts in mind, a serious attempt has been made to summarize the important published work on combustion and stability aspects of nanoparticle laden diesel, biodiesel fuels and their blends, and its effects on fuel and engine overall characteristics with the objective to provide a pathway to conduct further research in this area for utilizing maximum potential of nanoparticle fuel emulsion technology and to provide a promising future fuel for diesel engine.

A comprehensive review on combustion and stability aspects of metal nanoparticles and its additive effect on diesel and biodiesel fuelled C.I. engine.

Catalytic effects of nano additives on decomposition and combustion of RDX-, HMX-, and AP-based energetic compositions

Fine and ultra-fine powders are actively studied in pyrotechnics, explosives and propellants. The important questions are how to produce a powder with specified characteristics and how to use the powder produced.

Productions of Ultra-Fine Powders and Their Use in High Energetic Compositions

The results of studies of the effect of particle size of aluminum powder in condensed systems on the ignition, nonstationary combustion, and acoustic conductivity of the burning surface are presented. Analysis of the experimental data shows that the ignition delay and the temperature of burning surface of the heterogeneous condensed systems under study decrease with increasing particle size of aluminum powder, and the nature of the dependence of the nonstationary burning rate on the time of depressurization of the combustion chamber for compositions containing micron or ultrafine aluminum powders is in qualitative agreement with the phenomenological theory of nonstationary combustion. Replacement of micron aluminum powder by ultrafine powder in a heterogeneous condensed system increases acoustic conductivity.

Influence of aluminum particle size on ignition and nonstationary combustion of heterogeneous condensed systems

Polydisperse gas flows with condensed particles suspended therein are widely spread in nature and play an important role in many branches of the modern engineering and technology. There is a necessity for estimating parameters of disperse media in the manufacturing processes, scientific research, and atmosphere sounding. In industry, the result of this estimation can be employed as the quality measure of a product. When designing and distributing multi-phase systems to study the processes of controlling their parameters, it is also needed to determine values of the quantities characterizing such systems.

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Remote Optical Diagnostics of Nonstationary Aerosol Media in a Wide Range of Particle Sizes

This paper presents the results of measurements of the transient burning rate of homogeneous and model composite solid propellants during sudden depressurization of a semi-enclosed volume using two independent methods - high-speed photography and a method based on solving the inverse problem of interior ballistics. A comparative analysis of the results shows that the methods are mutually complementary.

S. S. Bondarchuk

Papers

Productions of Ultra-Fine Powders and Their Use in High Energetic Compositions

Influence of aluminum particle size on ignition and nonstationary combustion of heterogeneous condensed systems

Remote Optical Diagnostics of Nonstationary Aerosol Media in a Wide Range of Particle Sizes

Comparative Analysis of Methods for Measuring the Transient Burning Rate. II. Research Results

Mathematical Simulation of Airbag Inflation by Low Temperature Gas Generator Products