Showing papers by "Saeed Bashirian published in 2020"
TL;DR: For predicting preventive behaviours of healthcare workers (HCW) towards Covid-19 based on the Protection Motivation Theory, threat and coping appraisal were predictors of protection motivation to conduct COVID-19 preventive behaviours.
172 citations
TL;DR: Pregnant women had a high level of knowledge, high performance in protective behaviors, and a moderate level of risk perception related to COVID-19, and history of influenza in previous pregnancies, high economic level, and nulliparity were associated with higher levels of knowledge; risk perception can predict their protective behaviors.
30 citations
TL;DR: The results indicated that protection motivation, coping appraisals and reasonable fear are considered as the strongest predictors of fall protective behaviors among older people, and can help health care providers to develop appropriate interventions to fall prevention among older adults.
Abstract: Purpose The protection motivation theory (PMT) is a common framework understanding the use of protective behaviors. The aim of this study was to assess the predictors of fall protective behaviors among community-dwelling older adults, Iran. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted in Qom, Iran, from May to October 2018. Three hundred older people were selected from retirement centers via stratified sampling method. Data were collected by a questionnaire containing items on socio-demographic information, Falls Behavioral (FaB) Scale, and PMT constructs scale. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling. Results The mean (SD) age of the participants was 64.6 (5.5) and the majority were male (77.7%). Level of perceived fall threat was lower than perceived efficacy of fall protective behaviors. There was a significant relationship between protection motivation and fall protective behaviors (β= 0.515, t-value= 13.650). Coping appraisals (β= 0.409, t-value= 7.352) and fear (β= 0.194, t-value= 2.462) were associated with motivation. The model explained approximately 27% of the variance in fall protective behaviors. The goodness of fit index of 0.48 indicating the model good fit. Conclusion The results indicated that protection motivation, coping appraisals and reasonable fear are considered as the strongest predictors of fall protective behaviors among older people. The results can help health care providers to develop appropriate interventions to fall prevention among older people.
23 citations
TL;DR: The findings of the present study reveal that occupational exposure to silica may be associated with increased risk of developing RA.
Abstract: Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with systemic inflammatory arthritis. This meta-analysis was conducted to examine the association between occupational exposure to silica and the risk of developing RA among different workers. Methods In this meta-analysis, we searched relevant published studies using major electronic databases including Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar search engine up to October 2019, and the references of retrieved articles were also checked for further possible sources. A random-effects model was used to account for heterogeneity among the results of the studies using the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Q-statistic and I2 tests were calculated to assess heterogeneity between the studies. Results The pooled calculation of OR indicated a significant association between occupational exposure to silica and risk of developing RA among different workers (OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.73 to 3.45). In addition, the pooled estimates of OR in smokers were statistically significant (OR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.13 to 3.86). Conclusions The findings of the present study reveal that occupational exposure to silica may be associated with increased risk of developing RA.
20 citations
TL;DR: It is necessary to improve the level of perceived self-efficacy of employees and also to emphasize the effectiveness of the recommended strategies in the prevention of Covid-19 disease.
Abstract: Aims Health workers are at high risk of novel coronavirus (Covid-19) and preventive behaviors play an important role in reducing the incidence and deaths of this infection Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors and its Related Beliefs among Health Workers of Hamadan province using the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) Instruments & Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 950 health workers in Hamadan, in 2020 who were selected by multistage random sampling method The data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic information and EPPM constructs Data were analyzed in STATA 14 using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test Findings Behaviors of avoiding contact with others and frequent hand washing with soap and water with 97 8% and 95 3%, respectively, had the highest frequency among health personnel The condition of EPPM constructs was evaluated at a relatively favorable level Also, 46 0% of health personnel were involved in the risk perception process Conclusions It is necessary to improve the level of perceived self-efficacy of employees and also to emphasize the effectiveness of the recommended strategies in the prevention of Covid-19 disease Copyright © 2020, ASP Ins
12 citations
TL;DR: Attitude and behavioral willingness and subjective norms were the most important predictors of behavioral intentions, whereas subjective norms, attitudes, and prototypes were the best predictors for behavioral willingness.
Abstract: Introduction Given the increasing prevalence of shisha smoking (SS) in adolescent females, it is necessary to determine the factors influencing adolescent's choice of shisha. This study aimed to determine predictors of shisha smoking among adolescent females in Western Iran based on the Prototype-Willingness Model (PWM). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1302 adolescent females in Kermanshah city, western Iran, in 2019. The method was multi-stage sampling with a systematic random approach. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions, history of shisha smoking, and Prototype-Willingness Model structure-based questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Statistical tests included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test, and linear and logistic regression analyses. Results The prevalence of current consumers of shisha was 20.4%. Attitude and behavioral willingness and subjective norms were the most important predictors of behavioral intentions, whereas subjective norms, attitudes, and prototypes were the most important predictors for behavioral willingness. The results obtained from the logistic regression analysis revealed that both pathways of PWM constructs (behavioral intention OR=1.37; behavioral willingness OR=1.32) were significant predicting factors for shisha smoking among adolescent females. Conclusions Given the efficient role of behavioral willingness and intention for shisha smoking (SS) in adolescent females, it is necessary to consider these structures in designing educational strategies for the prevention of adolescent smoking.
10 citations
TL;DR: Evaluating the clinical course and risk factors of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID 19 in Hamadan Province, west of Iran found early diagnosis of Covid-19 disease is essential in pregnant women.
Abstract: Background : COVID-19 is a new viral disease with a rapid outbreak. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of contracting viral infections including COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate the clinical course and risk factors of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID 19 in Hamadan Province, west of Iran. Study design: A retrospective cohort study. Methods: The convenience sampling was performed using 50 papers and electronic files of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 according to the WHO’s temporary guidelines. They were hospitalized in health centers and clinics of Hamadan Province. The data-collecting tool employed was a researcher-made questionnaire. The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 19. Results: The mean age of pregnant women with COVID 19 was estimated to be 29.20 ± 5.8 yr and their average gestational age estimated to be 28.8 ± 8.20 weeks. About 32% of them had an underlying disease, 32% a history of influenza, and 40% recently traveled to infected areas. The most common findings were CT scans and multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity chest radiology. The most common symptoms were fever, cough, and shortness of breath. About 8% of the women required ICU hospitalization and the average length of hospital stay was 4.04 ± 2.38 and 29% had premature births. Moreover, 28% of infected mothers had a normal delivery and 20% had a cesarean section. Conclusion : Early diagnosis of Covid-19 disease is essential in pregnant women. Because there is a possibility of worsening complications in the mother and fetus.
10 citations
TL;DR: Given the positive effects of the educational screening programs in women, it is suggested that these programs must be continuously pursued with long-term follow-up and increasing rates of screening behaviors should be monitored.
Abstract: Screening plays an essential role in the reduction of mortality and morbidity of breast cancer, which is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. The aim of this study was to find out whe...
7 citations
TL;DR: The results showed that hypertensive patients had a relatively desirable level of medication adherence behavior, and the design of educational programs using HPM is recommended to increase the medication adherence among hypertensive Patients.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Poor adherence in treatment and medication is a global issue in curing the chronic diseases such as hypertension. The present study was conducted to identify the factors related with medication adherence among hypertensive patients referred to the health centers of Borujerd based on the Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 463 patients who were referred to the comprehensive health centers of Borujerd city by cluster sampling method in 2019. The data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic variables and Pender's HPM constructs. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression. RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation of the participants' age was 63.29 ± 11.2 years. The results showed that hypertensive patients had a relatively desirable level of medication adherence behavior. Perceived barriers (β = −0.169), perceived self-efficacy (β = 0.196), activity related affect (β = 0.232), and following medication regimen (β = 0.225) were the best predictors of performing the medication adherence behavior. In total, different structures of the HPM explained 42.2% of the variation of medication adherence behavior changes. CONCLUSIONS: According to the findings, the design of educational programs using HPM is recommended to increase the medication adherence among hypertensive patients.
7 citations
TL;DR: MTM appears to be a robust theory in its application for reducing WP smoking in male adolescents in Iran, and must be reified and empirically tested with intervention development for WP smoking behavior in male students.
Abstract: Background: Water pipe (WP) smoking has increased and become a major leisure pastime among young people in Iran. The aim of this study was to test MTM in its ability to predict reducing WP ...
6 citations
TL;DR: The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicate that TPB model has an acceptable fit with data and provides a validated and reliable tool for assessing different aspects of salt intake behaviors in women to evaluate effectiveness of interventions focusing on salt reduction behaviors.
Abstract: Background: High salt intake is considered as one of the most important causes of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Measuring and identifying factors contributing to people's salt intake behaviors is important to evaluate effectiveness of interventions focusing on salt reduction behaviors. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a new theory of planned behavior (TPB)- based instrument to measure factors influencing three different salt intake behaviors (adding salt during cooking, at the table, purchasing salty food) among women. Study design: A mixed-method study. Methods: After the face and content validity of developed instrument were established, a representative sample of women (N= 300, age (SD):42.82(12.10)) were recruited to assess the construct validity using Partial Least Square confirmatory factor analysis. Coefficient alpha and composite reliability (CR) were used to establish reliability of instrument. The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) were used to assess the content validity. Results: Assessing validity and reliability of instrument led to 56-item questionnaire. CVI was more than 0.70 and CVR more than 0.56. Internal consistency as assessed by Cronbach's alpha was acceptable. Convergent and discriminant validity were established. The GOF index for behavior one was 0.250, for behavior two was 0.414 and behavior three was 0.374. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicate that TPB model has an acceptable fit with data. Conclusion: Our instrument provides a validated and reliable tool for assessing different aspects of salt intake behaviors in women to evaluate effectiveness of interventions focusing on salt reduction behaviors.
30 Sep 2020
TL;DR: Based on the results, training the PA based on the BASNEF model can be effective in promoting the PA in the postpartum period; therefore, it is recommended that the educational programs be applied for all these mothers in post partum period.
Abstract: BackgroundDue to the prevalence of low physical activity (PA) among women, especially during the postpartum period, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of an educational program base...
TL;DR: The mobile application can be used to screen and manage fall risks in older adults and may be a valuable tool in the fall prevention and their consequences either in old adult.
Abstract: Objective: Falls and related injuries are known to be the major health problem leading to disability and mortality among older adults Identification and management of fall risks aimed to prevent f
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The main gap between top- ranked Iranian medical universities and top-ranked world universities was due to the search engine optimization issues and the link between social networks and universities, that both need more enhancement.
Abstract: Evaluating the quality and quantity of information presented by universities on their website is the main strategy to ensure that the university web-based activities are in the correct order. In this regard, there are several ranking systems that evaluate the quality and quantity of web-based activities of universities and accordingly rank them. Comparing the universities based on web activity measurement is a suitable tool to find out the weaknesses of the university for presenting itself on World Wide Web. In this study, top-ranked Iranian medical universities were compared with top-ranked world universities according to the website traffic data. For this purpose, the website traffic information was acquired from “Similarweb” website. The results showed that the total traffic size, bounce rate and backlinks from referrals and social networks were significantly different between Iranian medical and world top-ranked universities. Furthermore, the results of this analysis revealed that the quality of website, which expectedly increased the visit duration and visited pages, was not significantly correlated with total traffic size for nor top-ranked world and Iranian medical universities. In addition, the results showed that the total traffic size of top-ranked world universities was significantly correlated with backlinks from direct access and search engines, while for Iranian medical universities such correlation could not be found. In conclusion, the main gap between top-ranked Iranian medical universities and top-ranked world universities was due to the search engine optimization issues and the link between social networks and universities, that both need more enhancement.
TL;DR: In this article, the effectiveness of e-learning program in preventing water pipe smoking in adolescent females west of Iran using prototype-willingness model was evaluated using a randomized controlled trial.
Abstract: Background: Given the increasing trend of Water pipe (WP) smoking in adolescent females, it is necessary to use effective educational strategies in preventing WP smoking in developing countries. We aimed to determine effectiveness of e-learning program in preventing WP smoking in adolescent females west of Iran using prototype-willingness model. Study Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: This study was performed on 221 adolescent females in Kermanshah City, Iran during 2019-2020. Multistage random sampling was used. Data collection tool included a researcher-made questionnaire based on prototype-willingness model. E-learning-based intervention program included 5 training sessions. Participants were followed up for 3 months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The mean scores of attitude, subjective norms, prototype, intention, and behavioral willingness structures were similar in both experimental and control groups before the educational intervention. However, after educational interventions, mean scores of structures of positive attitude towards WP, subjective norms about WP smoking, positive prototype about WP smokers, intention, and behavioral willingness towards WP smoking were decreased in the experimental group. Moreover, frequency of WP smoking was decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group after the educational intervention ( P =0.003). Conclusion: The use of e-learning-based interventions is an educational strategy for reducing WP smoking in adolescent females.